新型蒙脱石荧光传感材料的构建及其对苯酚高灵敏响应机制的基础研究

In view of the urgent requirement of the montmorillonite (MMT) utilization and trace-pollutants detection in water, a novel fluorescent material will be fabricated by controlled assembly of fluorescent molecule into the MMT interlayer to achieve sensitive detection of trace phenol in water. The adjustment of layer charges of MMT will be carried out by acid modification. The influence of layer charge on loading capacity and interlayer arrangement of lucigenin will be investigated to achieve a better-controlled assembly. The fluorescence properties will be studied by fluorescence spectrometry to establish correlations among the “layer charges, assembly parameters, and fluorescence intensities”, in order to obtain the best conditions for the assembly to achieve high fluorescence responses. The MMT/lucigenin sensing materials will be tested for its detection of phenols in water. A method will be developed and optimized to achieve high sensitivity and selectivity. Computer simulation will be performed to decipher the mechanism of phenol detection by the MMT/lucigenin sensing materials. The outcome of this study will add more fundamentals to the understanding of mechanisms of guest-host interactions in the assembly, will provide new idea on future development and application of sensing materials, and boost the effective and efficient utilization of mineral resources.

针对蒙脱石的高效利用以及水体中微量污染物高灵敏检测的迫切需求，本项目拟通过蒙脱石层间域荧光探针分子光泽精的可控组装构建蒙脱石荧光传感矿物材料，实现对水中苯酚的高灵敏检测。首先，调控蒙脱石的层电荷，探究其对蒙脱石层间域光泽精负载量和排布状态的影响规律，用荧光光谱法研究其荧光性能，建立“层电荷-组装参数-荧光强度”的关联，制备高荧光强度的蒙脱石基矿物材料；其次，将制备的蒙脱石/光泽精荧光传感材料用于水中苯酚的检测，优化传感检测条件，建立高灵敏度和高选择性的苯酚传感检测方法，并采用模拟计算技术研究蒙脱石/光泽精荧光体系对苯酚的响应机制，为其在荧光传感检测中的进一步应用奠定理论基础。本项目的成功实施将制备出一种高灵敏、高选择性苯酚检测的荧光传感材料，并为其他荧光传感检测材料的开发提供新思路，对推动矿产资源高效利用具有重要意义。

本项目获得了四个方面的研究结果：(1) 成功制备了发光性能优异的光泽精/蒙脱石、光泽精/皂石超分子复合材料。(2) 通过调控蒙脱石层电荷、光泽精插层量和光泽精在蒙脱石层间的排布形态等，有效提高了无机/有机荧光超分子复合材料的发光效率和发光性能。(3) 进一步复合得到发光性能优异的荧光气凝胶材料，并应用于气、液相苯酚的检测，检测限分别可达到0.35 ppb和0.01 μmol/L。通过分子动力学模拟方法计算了光泽精和苯酚在蒙脱石层间域中的作用情况。得出蒙脱石/光泽精体系对苯酚的响应机制。(4) 项目组还拓展做了其它(链)层状结构硅酸盐矿物，如累托石、高岭石、埃洛石、海泡石、坡缕石。通过对比研究，发现其对有机分子荧光猝灭的抑制行为具有显著差异，对污染物的检测也有较大差别。其中埃洛石抑制光泽精浓度猝灭的效果最佳，具体机制值得后续深入研究。本项目成功制备出一种高灵敏、高选择性的荧光传感检测材料，并为其它蒙脱石等黏土矿物新材料开发提供思路，对推动矿产资源高效利用具有重要意义。