废弃太阳能电池板热处置过程中新型溴代持久性有机污染物的污染特征和生成机制研究

Study on the formation mechanism of novel persistent organic pollutants is gradually becoming a frontier and hotspot in the field of environmental science. Based on our previous studies, the present project is focused on the study of pollution characteristics and formation mechanism on novel brominated persistent organic pollutants polybrominated dibenzo-p-dixions and furans (PBDD/Fs) during thermal treatment process of waste solar panels. Based on the collection and analysis of stack gas and fly ash samples during the thermal treatment process of waste solar panels, in this study, the concentrations, congener profiles and gas-phase distribution are clarified and quantified. Furthermore, the fingerprint database of PBDD/Fs is constructed and the typical precursors of PBDD/Fs are identified. According to the results of field study, laboratory simulation experiments are performed on the investigation of reaction matrix based on the stable isotope labeled selected precursors and simulated particles. The key factors influencing the formation of PBDD/Fs are identified, and the crucial intermediate products of PBDD/Fs are traced by using isotopic tracer method. Finally, the dominated formation mechanism of PBDD/Fs are proposed during the thermal treatment process of waste solar panels. The results of this project will provide theoretical basis for the source apportionment of PBDD/Fs during the thermal treatment process of waste solar panels.

新型持久性有机污染物生成机制研究正逐渐成为环境科学领域的前沿和热点。本项目拟在前期工作基础上，针对废弃太阳能电池板热处置过程中新型持久性有机污染物溴代二恶英（PBDD/Fs）的污染特征和生成机制开展研究。采用实际工况和实验室模拟相结合的方法，通过对废弃太阳能电池板热处置过程产生的烟道气和飞灰样品的采集及分析，阐明废弃太阳能电池板热处置过程中PBDD/Fs的排放水平、污染特征及其气固相分配规律，构建PBDD/Fs指纹谱库，识别PBDD/Fs生成的重要前驱体。依据实际工况的研究结果，以稳定同位素标记的筛查出的重要前驱体和模拟的颗粒碳为基质开展实验室模拟研究，归纳影响PBDD/Fs生成的关键因素，并应用同位素示踪法对PBDD/Fs关键中间体产物进行追踪，最终提出废弃太阳能电池板热处置过程中PBDD/Fs的主要生成机制。研究结果将为废弃太阳能电池板热处置过程中PBDD/Fs的来源解析提供理论依据。

新型持久性有机污染物生成机制研究正逐渐成为环境科学领域的前沿和热点。当前对于废弃太阳能电池板的大量研究都主要集中在回收处理技术的研发方面，对于废弃太阳能电池板热处置过程中PBDD/Fs这类持久性有机污染物生成与排放的研究鲜有报道，尤其是对PBDD/Fs生成机制以及影响其生成的关键因素的研究相对匮乏。废弃太阳能电池板热处置过程中PBDD/Fs的生成机制的深入研究是环境科学领域的前沿课题，具有重要的科学意义和学术创新性。本项目以废弃太阳能电池板热处置过程为研究对象，开展了废弃太阳能电池板热处置过程中PBDD/Fs的生成与排放研究，识别了废弃太阳能电池板热处置过程中PBDD/Fs的排放水平、污染特征以及气固分配规律，归纳了影响PBDD/Fs生成的关键因素，明确了PBDD/Fs生成的重要前驱体化合物和关键中间体产物，最终揭示了废弃太阳能电池板热处置过程中PBDD/Fs的生成机制。研究结果将为废弃太阳能电池板热处置过程中PBDD/Fs的来源解析提供理论依据，同时为废弃太阳能电池板回收处理产业污染控制削减以及环境友好技术的研发提供基础数据。