放射性矿物及其寄主矿物放射晕、蚀变带的辐照损伤机理研究

On the geological disposal of highly radioactive nuclear waste, the durabilities of nuclear waste ceramics and its surrounding mineral phases are one of the important factors that evaluate the security of disposal system. This project intends to select the metamiction of radioactive minerals, radiohalo of the surrounding non-radioactive minerals and alteration halos as the study content, systematically research on their physical properties, chemical composition, trace elements, crystal structure, spectroscopy characteristics, and combine with the computer simulation the effects of αparticles and recoil nuclei on the minerals amorphous, then compare the difference of radiohalo and alteration halos corresponding to different radioactive minerals and host minerals. According these studies, we preliminary discuss the stability of radioactive minerals and host minerals under geological long-time irradiation, and provide the mineralogical evidences for selection and evaluation the nuclear waste ceramics and geological disposal near field.

在高放射性核废物的地质处置中，核废物载体相及其周围矿物相的稳定性是评价处置体系安全性的重要因素之一。本项目拟选择放射性矿物自身蜕晶质化作用、寄主矿物放射晕以及两者之间的蚀变带为研究对象，对它们的物理性质、主要化学成分、微量元素、晶体结构、谱学特征等方面进行系统研究，并结合计算机模拟衰变事件中α粒子和重核反冲粒子对矿物非晶质化的作用，对比不同的放射性矿物和寄主矿物，其放射晕和蚀变带发育特征差异，初步探讨在地质环境下，放射性矿物和寄主矿物长时间辐照作用下的稳定性，为核废物载体相及地质处置近场环境的选择和评价提供矿物学依据。