矿井瓦斯爆炸事故应急救援分布式交互仿真演练技术研究

The coal mine safety situation of China is still grim; especially gas explosion is more painful. The emergency rescue has become the final line to prevent the gas explosion accident, so reasonable to develop emergency plans and effective implementation can effectively reduce the accident levels to reduce the social impact, and play a multiplier role. But emergency rescue practice has been become "acting", because of lack of effective practice means, and lack of actual combat and collaboration. So it is difficult to achieve the desired effect and test the actual implementation of emergency plans effect, resulting in emergency plans exist in name only when catastrophe strikes. The technology and implementation of simulation for coal mine system, disaster scene, identifying and preventing disaster, coordination rescue, as well as HLA/RTI will be systematically studied, with taking distributed simulation system(DIS) into emergency rescue simulation practice for the mine gas explosion accident. The virtual scene of large-scale can be constructed for collaborative rescue simulation of different particle size and degree of polymerization, with creating realistic simulation environment, resulting in achieving real combat rescue simulation for disaster prevention, rescue command, and rescue plans.It is great significant for improving the enterprise level of emergency rescue, capacity of identifying and preventing disaster of workers, and emergency rescue, and collaborative preventing and rescue disaster of multi-departments. It is also an important means to optimize emergency rescue measures.

我国煤炭安全形势依然严峻，其中瓦斯爆炸事故更为惨痛，应急救援成为瓦斯爆炸事故的最后一道关口，应急预案的合理制定、有效实施能有效地降低事故等级、减小社会影响，起到事半功倍的作用。但目前的情况却是缺乏有效的演练手段，应急预案演练缺乏实战性和协同性，致使演练成了"演戏"，难以达到应有的效果，更无法检验应急预案的实际实施效果，致使灾难来临时应急预案形同虚设。将分布式交互仿真技术引入矿井瓦斯爆炸事故应急模拟演练中，通过对矿井系统、灾难场景、工人辨灾避灾、多部门协同救援仿真，以及分布式仿真体系结构等技术和实现方法进行系统研究，组成大型的虚拟场景，实现大规模、不同粒度、不同聚合度的协同救援演练仿真，营造逼真的演练环境，实现避灾、救援指挥、救援方案实施的实战化。这对企业应急响应能力，工人辩灾避灾能力，救护大队救灾能力，多部门协同抗灾救灾能力的提高意义重大，更能作为应急预案、应急救援措施优化的重要手段。

我国煤炭安全形势依然严峻，其中瓦斯爆炸事故更为惨痛，应急救援成为瓦斯爆炸事故的最后一道关口，应急预案的合理制定、有效实施能有效地降低事故等级、减小社会影响，起到事半功倍的作用。但目前的情况却是缺乏有效的演练手段，应急预案演练缺乏实战性和协同性，致使演练成了“演戏”，难以达到应有的效果，更无法检验应急预案的实际实施效果，致使灾难来临时应急预案形同虚设。该项目研究将分布式交互仿真技术引入矿井瓦斯爆炸事故应急模拟演练中，研究并开发了矿井系统虚拟仿真、采掘提升工艺虚拟仿真、矿井瓦斯灾害仿真，以及救援演练虚拟仿真，以及分布式仿真体系结构等技术和实现方法进行了系统研究，建立了各个仿真场景之间的HLA联邦层次结构，各联邦成员直接通过RTI实现统一协调，组成大型的虚拟场景，实现大规模、不同粒度、不同聚合度的协同救援演练仿真，营造逼真的演练环境，实现避灾、救援指挥、救援方案实施的实战化。项目研究成果成功实现了产业转化，开发的矿井三维虚拟仿真系统、采掘提升虚拟仿真系统、矿井瓦斯灾害虚拟仿真系统、矿井瓦斯爆炸事故救援虚拟仿真系统等软硬件平台在国内煤炭企业、煤炭高校，以及煤炭职业技术学校等得到全面推广应用，在教育教学和专业技能培训方面发挥越来越重要的作用。这对企业应急响应能力，工人辩灾避灾能力，救护大队救灾能力，多部门协同抗灾救灾能力的提高意义重大，更能作为应急预案、应急救援措施优化的重要手段，也有力促成了我校国家级煤矿开采虚拟仿真中心的建设。