湍流减阻添加剂对通气超空泡流动的影响机理

This project is based on the idea of fluid properties changed locally. On the basis of several typical characteristics that surfactant drag reducer has, a further practical application research using additives to accomplish the control of ventilated supercavitating flow has been proposed presently. This project is to study the mechanisms of ventilated supercavitating flows influenced by additives. Specifically, the research contents include three aspects: (1) Experimentally and numerically investigating the accomplishment approaches of drag-reducer injection and ventilation together to an under-water vehicle; investigating the measurement method of partial concentration of surfactant reducing solution. (2) Under multiple-degree-freedom conditions, experimentally and numerically investigating the influencing mechanisms of surface tension and turbulent drag-reducing effect of surfactant drag reducing solution on the ventilated supercavitating flow and dynamics of the under-water vehicle. This project aims at exploring novel techniques for the control of ventilated supercavitating flow by means of injection of surfactant drag reducer. The research achievement is bound to be of great values from the academic and military application viewpoints.

本项目基于局部改变流体物性的思想，旨在应用表面活性剂减阻剂的几方面特性，提出了利用添加剂进行通气超空泡流控制的创新性思想，主要研究添加剂对通气超空泡流动的影响机理。具体研究内容包括两个方面：（1）研制新型水下航行体空化器，并通过试验和数值模拟研究水下航行体通气/注溶液同时实现的方法；开发表面活性剂减阻剂溶液局部浓度分部的测量方法；（2）试验和数值模拟研究多自由度条件下表面活性剂减阻剂溶液表面张力和湍流减阻效应对通气超空泡流动特性以及水下航行体动力学特性的影响机理；本项目旨在应用表面活性剂减阻剂注入，探索通气超空泡水下航行体湍流减阻的新型控制方法。研究结果具有重要的学术和军事应用价值。

对于通气超空泡，其关键是如何快速形成稳定的相界面，液体中空泡的产生、生长和溃灭过程中液体的表面张力起着很重要的作用。本项目基于局部改变流体物性的思想，旨在应用表面活性剂减阻剂的几方面特性，提出了利用添加剂进行通气超空泡流控制的创新思想，主要研究添加剂对通气超空泡流动的影响机理。在水下航行体通气的基础上，构造局部表面活性剂减阻剂溶液环境，从而改变局部流体物性；深入研究表面活性剂减阻剂对通气超空泡航行体水动力学特性的影响机理，探索水下航行体新型湍流减阻控制方法。具体研究内容包括两个方面：（1）研制新型水下航行体空化器，并研究水下航行体通气/注溶液同时实现的方法；（2）研究表面活性剂减阻剂溶液表面张力和湍流减阻效应对通气超空泡流动特性的影响机理。