包头稀土精矿络合浸出液中氟、铝元素资源转化机理研究

The extraction and smelting technology of baotou rare earth concentrate existing pollution and resource waste for a long time, has seriously restricted the long-term development of enterprise.This project aimed at the problems of fluorine and aluminium recycling of complex leaching liquid, which from the development of baotou rare earth concentrate complexation extraction new technology end of early stage research, put forward a set of new idea.This study intends to promote complexation of fluorine and aluminum in the leaching liquid move towards high coordination by regulate and control of technological conditions, and then making the high coordination complexation ions into cryolite resources, achieve the goal of fluorine and aluminium elements full recovery. First, complex ions of fluorine and aluminum form of ligand and coordination in the complexation extraction liquid will be studied, fluorine and aluminum coordination principle will be revealed, and accelerating the moving of high coordination complexation ion. Secondly, the influence of reaction conditions on the synthesis of cryolite and interaction between the various elements are researched in the system, understanding the principle of cryolite synthesis reaction and regulation mechanism. Finally, crystal nucleus formation and growth dynamics of cryolite are key researched, reveal the mechanism of cryolite crystal nucleus formation and growing up by analysis the relationship of crystal nucleus formation, grain growth speed, crystal morphology, particle size distribution and the molecular size. Study of this project is able to solve the key problem of resource transformation for fluorine and aluminum, and builiding the technology theory of the fluorine and aluminum resources transformation process.

包头稀土精矿的冶炼提取工艺长期存在三废污染和资源浪费问题，已严重制约了企业的长期发展。本项目针对前期开发的包头稀土精矿络合解离新工艺末端的络合浸出液中氟、铝元素回收问题，提出一套资源转化新思路。本研究拟通过工艺条件调控促进络合浸出液中的氟铝配合离子向高配位方向移动，然后直接将高配位的络合离子转化为冰晶石资源，达到氟铝元素全回收的目的。首先研究络合浸出液中的氟铝络合离子的配位形式及配位变化规律，揭示出氟铝配位原理，促进络合离子向高配位方向移动；其次研究多元素体系中反应条件对冰晶石合成过程的影响以及各元素间的相互作用规律，明确冰晶石合成过程的反应原理和调控机制；最后重点研究冰晶石晶核形成及长大动力学，分析晶核形成、晶粒长大速度、晶体形貌、粒度分布、分子比大小之间的关系，揭示出冰晶石晶体形核及长大机理。通过本项目的研究解决氟铝资源转化的关键问题，建立特定溶液体系氟铝资源转化工艺理论。

本项目针对络合浸出液中氟、铝元素回收问题，开发了一套资源转化新方法。通过调控工艺条件促进了络合浸出液中的氟铝配合离子向高配位方向移动，然后直接将高配位的络合离子转化为冰晶石资源，实现了氟铝元素的全回收。本项目首先研究了不同工艺条件下络合浸出液中的氟铝络合离子的配位形式及配位变化规律，促进络合离子向高配位方向移动，揭示了氟铝配位的基本原理；然后又研究多元素体系中反应条件对冰晶石合成过程的影响以及各元素间的相互作用规律，掌握了冰晶石合成过程的反应原理和调控机制；最后重点研究了冰晶石晶核形成及长大动力学，揭示出冰晶石晶体形核及长大机理。本项目研究解决了氟铝资源转化的关键问题，完善了特定溶液体系氟铝资源转化的工艺理论。