浸润性可控的一维铋系半导体纳米异质结光催化剂的制备及其降解水中环境内分泌干扰物的研究

The negative effects of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) to human health and environment are concerned by the whole society. How to remove EDCs, which is in low concentration and with high toxicity, from environment especially from water has become a difficulty in environmental management. Photocatalytic degradation is a promising strategy for EDCs removal. The surface wettability of the.photocatalyst has an important influence on its photodegradation efficiency of EDCs. However, this issue has not been studied systematically. In this project, 1D nano bismuth-containing semiconductor heterojunction photocatalysts will be developed with one-step liquid method or electrospinning method, in which controllable wettability will be designed by constructing a rough surface modified with fluorosilane. And then a porous film photocatalyst will be constructed by using the prepared 1D nano photocatalysts. Wettability controlling will make the material have strong adsorption ability for EDCs. Meanwhile, the nano-heterojunction bismuth catalysts built in one-step will have a very high catalytic activity excited with visible light. The special binary synergetic nanoscale interface in the porous film photocatalyst can not only efficiently enrich hydrophobic organic pollutants in water, but also ensure that the mass transfer rate of water on the surface is high. Furthermore, both the one-dimensional structure and porous film structure will make it easy for separation and recovery after the degradation, which can avoid secondary pollution. The prepared photocatalyst will be applied to degrade the EDCs in low concentration. Emphasis will be put on investigating the inner relationship between the surface wettability of the photocatalyst and its adsorption/photocatalytic property, and then understanding the mechanism of EDCs adsorption and photocatalysis on the photocatalyst. The general law of design and synthesis of efficient photocatalyst for degrading EDCs will be investigated. Research in this project would have significant theoretical value and good application prospect.

高毒性低浓度的环境内分泌干扰物（EDCs）对人类健康和生态环境危害极大，是环境治理的难点。光催化降解是很有发展前途的EDCs治理方法，光催化剂表面浸润性对其催化效率有非常重要的影响，但尚未见系统研究的报道。本课题采用一步液相法或静电纺丝法制备一维铋系半导体纳米异质结光催化剂，通过构建粗糙表面及疏水氟化处理调控其浸润性，并用其构建多孔薄膜光催化剂。浸润性调控使一维光催化剂对低浓度EDCs具有高效富集能力和高可见光催化活性；多孔薄膜光催化剂的特殊二元协同纳米界面既能确保水在其表面有很高的传质速率，又能高效富集水相中的疏水性EDCs；一维纳米结构及其多孔薄膜结构利于催化剂的后期分离与回收。将所制光催化剂用于低浓度EDCs的降解，重点研究催化剂表面浸润性与其光催化性能之间的内在关系，探明EDCs在其表面的传质机制及光催化机理，总结高效光催化剂的设计和合成规律，具有重要的理论价值和应用前景。

环境内分泌干扰物（EDCs）严重影响着人类健康和生态环境安全，是环境治理的难点。光催化对EDCs的降解具有广阔的发展前景，通过太阳光激发光催化剂产生光生电子和空穴，实现对有机污染物的氧化降解。但单一半导体光催化剂具有电子-空穴对复合率高，光催化能力差，稳定性差等缺点，限制了其实际应用。本课题采用金属元素掺杂和非金属元素掺杂制备得到一系列铋系掺杂光催化剂，大幅度提升其光催化性能；同时通过二元异质结光催化剂的构建来提升光生电子-空穴的分离效率，进而提高光催化剂的催化活性；并在二元异质结的基础上进一步构建了三元异质结，对三元异质结中的多重催化机理进行了探讨；特殊晶面控制提升材料对污染物的吸附能力，进而提升其光催化性能；浸润性的调控使光催化剂对低浓度EDCs具有高效富集能力和高可见光催化活性。将所制的光催化剂应用于低浓度EDCs的降解，促进光催化技术在污水处理中的实际应用，具有极其重要的研究意义。