直接碳燃料电池-热机耦合系统的性能分析及多目标优化

As the global energy, environment and climate problems increasing, energy development and utilization attract more and more attention. Direct carbon fuel cell can change directly the chemical energy of the solid carbon fuel into electricity, the efficiency of the technology is higher two times than the current coal plant. Although the efficiency of the direct carbon fuel cell system is much higher than the traditional way of generating, but because of the existence of the high quality of waste heat, it still has potential to improve the efficiency of power generation, increase the utilization ratio of the energy. This project intends to build a kind of the direct carbon fuel cell-heat engine hybrid system, in order to realize the direct carbon fuel cell, waste heat utilization. Through delving into the thermodynamic performance and the electrochemical parameters of hybrid system, reveal the best work range of hybrid system and realize the optimization of system performance design and analysis. At the same time, using multi-objective optimization technique, synchronous balance the multiple performance indicators, with the improved multi-objective differential evolution algorithm, search out more comply with the design requirements, determine the optimal compromise individuation considering the actual design needs, for.policymakers to choose according to preference.

随着全球能源、环境以及气候等问题日益突出，能源的研发和利用得到了越来越多的关注。直接碳燃料电池能直接将固体碳燃料中的化学能清洁、高效地转化为电能，这种技术的效率比目前的煤电厂高两倍以上。尽管直接碳燃料电池系统的发电效率己远远高于传统的发电方式，但由于高品质余热的存在，其仍然具有提高发电效率，增加系统能量利用率的潜力。本项目拟构建一类在稳定状态下工作的直接碳燃料电池-热机耦合系统，以实现对直接碳燃料电池余热的利用。通过深入探究耦合系统的热力学和电化学参数的性能界限，揭示系统的最佳工作区间，实现对系统性能的优化设计与分析。与此同时，运用多目标优化技术，同步权衡兼顾多项性能指标，采用改进的多目标差分进化算法全局智能搜索出符合设计要求的多套方案，根据实际设计需要确定个性化最优折中方案，供决策者根据偏好选择。

直接碳燃料电池是将碳的化学能通过电化学氧化过程直接转换为电能的装置，整个过程中无需气化，其燃料可包括煤、焦炭、焦油、气体碳和生物碳等。本项目建立了贴近实际的直接碳燃料电池-热机耦合系统新模型，阐明了模型的运行机制，准确预测了耦合系统的输出性能特性，找出了有效提高耦合系统性能的新方法，揭示了各工作条件及设计参数对耦合系统各项输出性能的影响。权衡兼顾直接碳燃料电池-热机耦合系统的多项输出性能指标，建立了多目标优化数学模型，采用了改进的多目标差分进化算法全局智能搜索出了符合设计要求的多套方案，根据实际设计需要确定了个性化最优折中方案，并确定了综合优化后耦合系统相应的设计参数、工作条件及负载的优化匹配等，为系统性能的综合优化提供了理论依据。