基于生理特征的阔叶花卉植物功能结构模型表达和交互可视化生长模拟

The functionnal-structural model of virtual plant is the key technology of plant growth simulation,which is also a challenging problem in the field of virtual plant research. Plant modelling is an interdisciplinary field of study, combining knowledge of plant structure and function, with methodology for simulation, visualization and validation. Nowadays, most research is focus on virtual crop such as corn, soybean and tomato. And it is rarely about ornamental plant research, especially the function and structure model based-on the plant physiological and ecological characters. Plant modelling can be regarded as a tool to address biological questions, such as questions related to structural dynamics, to resource allocation among various organs, and to interactions with the environment, which aid in interpretation of observations and experiments in the field. Virtual plant modelling can also be used to simulate experiments that are hard to perform in the real world due to constraints in time, cost and feasibility. It has a great future for plant cultural vegetation, horticulture management. In the project, we focus on the FSPM research of broad-leaves flower plant based on plant topological structure and physiological property, and then simulate the flower plant growthing. We will study the reality organ modeling such as leaf,steam and flowers with details of texture,colour,venation and shade by using the method of reality computer graphic. In order to quantitative analyze the organ growth, we need to simulate the light environment, where the photons travel through the canopy and are intercepted ,absorbed and scattered.We need to research the light distribution and provide a light model to estimate absorbed irradiance of each leaf and produce the carbonhydrate for the plant growth and.development. Furthermore, we need to study the carbon dynamics model which is developed for carbon transfer, allocation and partitioning between individual organs in the growing season. With the carbon dynamics model and the steam branching style, we can simulate the plant growing. The key objective of this research was the integration of plant architecture, carbon dynamics and environmental effects into one FSPM of a flower plant model using L-systems modules. At last, to improve the graphic rendering efficient, we need to optimize the complex model by using the advanced graphic technology of GPU processing.

虚拟花卉植物的功能结构建模和器官生长过程仿真是建立数字植物模型关键。目前对林木和高产农作物的可视化建模和生长模拟研究较多，而对花卉植物的形态发育结构建模、基于植物生理特征的结构模型以及功能结构相统一的生长仿真研究较少。花卉植物可视化虚拟仿真对于了解植物的生理特征、生长发育、植物与环境交互、虚拟栽培和种植优化都具有重大的研究意义。项目以月季花为研究对象,将对阔叶木本花卉植物基于生理的器官形态建模、功能-结构模型和生长发育的动态模拟进行研究。研究植物茎枝、叶片和花瓣等组织器官的形态结构表达和可视化方法；研究光在植物冠层器官间的分布、传输、反射、透射和光能吸收的真实感光环境仿真，建立基于光合作用碳汇理论的生理特征模型，能动态反映碳生物量累积、传输和在生长组织器官间的分配；研究虚拟植物的结构模型和生理模型的集成和基于生长量的茎枝、叶片分枝生长发育模式，建立能定量表达的花卉功能结构交互式动态模拟。

虚拟植物的功能结构可视化建模、生长模拟和用户交互技术是林学和信息技术交叉学科领域研究热点。课题研究对复杂植物结构的拓扑结构表达、植物功能结构模型、植物生长模拟和植物跟环境和用户的交互体验有广泛的理论研究意义和应用研究价值。.项目围绕花卉植物的茎叶枝干和花的三维几何建模方法、真实感植物的图形算法、植物生长光场环境模拟、实时光照模型、光环境与植物器官的交互以及沉浸式环境下和花卉植物的交互可视化建模技术进行了深入研究。针对花卉植物和木本植物，构建了植物茎、叶、花、枝和主干的拓扑模型结构表达方法；植物三维几何重建研究中主要提出了基于三维激光扫描数据的植物组织器官叶片、花瓣、枝干的形态结构几何重建算法；针对花卉木本植物的枝干和空间重叠提出了相应的点云数据预处理方法。植物光环境模拟，建立了基于光环境的植物真实感的生长模拟环境，可以实时动态模拟光照在植物冠层的分布，实现光与植物的互动模拟仿真。针对植物生长模拟和基于植物生理生态特征提出了多种植物生长的功能结构模型和生长模拟算法。利用花卉生长过程中不同生长阶段的几何结构生长观测和实时追踪数据，提出基于点云数据的花瓣生长曲线提取与拟合方法。基于植物生长的动态观测数据、激光雷达的点云数据和植物基因表达特征对植物生长模拟算法、植物生长量预测进行了研究并提出相关算法；研究了基于用户交互的植物可视化交互技术，利用虚拟现实技术和体感交互实现了虚拟植物快速的实时交互绘制技术。针对用户和植物的交互，研究了基于体感交互技术和手势识别的花卉植物交互可视化技术，重点解决了花卉植物交互式可视化中虚拟手精确抓取，实现了沉浸式环境中用户与植物的自然交互和沉浸式体验。.针对VR环境下沉浸式体验的植物可视化建模和互动体验需求，提出了一种在虚拟现实环境下的沉浸式交互植物建模方法，通过VR手柄在三维空间中绘制枝干轨迹并快速生成植物模型，从而降低建模难度并增强设计过程中的交互性和沉浸感。