基于高性能材料CFRP索的弦支穹顶结构的受力机理和试验研究

Suspend-dome structure is a type of high performance pre-stressed long-span structure widely used in civil engineering. The cable is the key element of the suspend-dome structure, while the steel cable traditionally used can’t adapt to the requirements of longer span and higher performance. Compared to the material performance of steel, carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) has the advantages of high strength to weight ratio and corrosion resistance. It is possible and also a challenge to construct the suspend-dome structure with CFRP cables if taking the full advantages of CFRP. The focus of this project are the performance and mechanism of the suspend-dome structure with CFRP cables. The contents of this project are: the experiments of the suspend-dome structure with CFRP cables and steel cables are carried out respectively, the mechanical characteristics of the suspend-dome structure with CFRP cable are obtained by comparing the differences between the suspend-dome structure with CFRP cables and suspend-dome structure with steel cables; the static and dynamic performance and mechanism of the suspend-dome structure with CFRP cables are obtained by parameterized analysis considering various influence factors; the method of form-state analysis and control measure of the suspend-dome structure with CFRP cables are proposed by carrying out the force-finding analysis and form-finding analysis; design a suspend-dome structure by replacing the steel cables of a real project to be CFRP cables, and primarily study the design method of the suspend dome structure with CFRP cables. The results of this project provide technical supports for the application of CFRP in long-span space structures.

弦支穹顶是一种应用广泛的高性能预应力大跨空间钢结构，索是其关键构件，而传统的钢索逐渐难以适应更大跨度和更高性能的要求。碳纤维增强复合材料（CFRP）与钢材相比，具有比强度高和不锈蚀等优良特性，充分利用这些特性，构建CFRP索弦支穹顶结构既有可能又有挑战。本项目主要对CFRP索弦支穹顶结构的力学性能和受力机理进行研究。主要研究内容为：开展CFRP索和传统钢索弦支穹顶结构的试验研究，对比两种结构的受力性能，得到CFRP索弦支穹顶结构的受力特点；对各影响因素进行参数化分析，得到CFRP索弦支穹顶结构的静力性能、动力性能，揭示其受力机理；对CFRP索弦支穹顶结构进行找力和找形分析，提出CFRP索弦支穹顶结构的形态分析与控制方法，并与试验结果对比验证；以实际工程为背景，开展CFRP索弦支穹顶结构设计，初步探索CFRP索弦支穹顶结构的设计方法。最终为CFRP在大跨空间结构中的应用提供技术支撑。

本项目通过试验研究、数值模拟、理论分析手段，重点研究了CFRP索弦支穹顶结构的受力性能，探索了CFRP索弦支穹顶结构的分析设计方法。主要研究成果有：1）开展了CFRP索和钢索弦支穹顶结构在竖向荷载作用下的试验研究，对比分析了CFRP索弦支穹顶的受力特点，研究了该结构的受力机理。2）进行了材性试验、锚固性能试验和测量结构初始几何缺陷等工作，建立了CFRP索弦支穹顶结构的精细化数值模型，并通过试验分析、数值模拟等方法对模型的准确性与可靠性进行了验证。3）对结构初始几何缺陷、荷载不对称分布等因素对CFRP索弦支穹顶结构的影响规律进行了参数化分析，研究了结构的破坏模式和整体稳定性能，对CFRP索弦支穹顶结构开展了激振试验并进行了相应的数值模拟，得到了CFRP索弦支穹顶结构的主要静力性能和基本动力特性。4）以实际工程为背景，对比分析了钢索弦支穹顶和CFRP索弦支穹顶结构的设计要点，探讨了CFRP索弦支穹顶结构的分析设计方法，并提出相关建议。.通过此项目研究工作，课题组培养了1位博士生、1位硕士；发表和录用学术论文7篇，其中EI检索4篇，中文核心3篇；申请并获批实用新型专利2项。