孔道限域的纳米银基复合材料的设计、抗菌性能及微量热研究

Recently, nanosilver and carbon nanotube as typical inorganic antimicrobial materials have attracted much attention in the antimicrobial field due to their unique physical and chemical properties. This project is based on synthesis of the carbon nanotube confined silver nanocomopistes as the antimicrobial material and intended to explore the synergic effect between the nanosilver and carbon nanotube. The antibacterial activity of the carbon nanotube confined silver nanostructures with different sizes and morphologies will be systematically detected by microcamlorimetry, respectively. The detailed antibacterial process of confined silver nanostructures will be monitored by on-line microcamlorimetry. In order to achieve an efficient way to improve the antibacterial activity of confined silver nanostructures, we will establish the relationship between confined silver nanostructures and the corresponding antibacterial activity. Combining with other methods such as TEM, SEM, ICP, the antibacterial mechanism of the carbon nanotube confined silver nanostructures will be predicted, which may help us to develop a new nanosivler based inorganic antimicrobial material with robust antibacterial activity.

最近，纳米银和碳纳米管因其自身独特的性质在抗菌材料领域引起了人们的广泛关注，本课题希望利用碳纳米管自身对细菌的强吸附作用，并进一步利用碳纳米管管腔对限域体系中纳米粒子的电子结构和性能的调制作用，结合这两方面优势来构建碳纳米管限域的纳米银基复合抗菌材料。同时, 着重利用微量热法实时在线监测限域体系中纳米银基复合材料的抗菌过程，通过测得热动力学曲线，获得细菌在外界条件刺激下的生长代谢曲线，通过分析生长曲线，获得细菌生长代谢过程中的生长速率常数，建立纳米银基复合材料的浓度与生长速率常数之间的关系；获得最大产热功率以及最大产热功率所对应的时间等动力学和热力学信息，建立限域体系中纳米银的结构、浓度与抗菌性能之间的联系，并结合其它表征手段，深入探索限域体系中纳米银基复合材料的抗菌机制，为设计和开发高效的负载型纳米银基抗菌材料奠定坚实理论基础。

本项目以合成碳纳米管限域的Ag 纳米复合材料为基础，发展可控制备具有优良抗菌性能的碳纳米管限域的Ag纳米复合抗菌材料的方法与技术，并系统研究不同Ag/纳米碳复合抗菌材料的抗菌机制与抗菌过程，利用微量热法监测Ag/纳米碳复合抗菌材料对细菌的抗菌过程。通过系统的研究，积累了丰富的实验数据，并取得了一些重要研究成果：1）借助于葡萄糖快速还原法，实现碳纳米管限域的银纳米复合材料的构建，由于孔道限域，该材料表现出优异的抗菌缓释效果。2）再次基础上，实现介孔石墨烯稳定银纳米复合材料的构建，该复合材料表现出优异的抗菌性能，该工艺简单、易规模制备，为进一步工业应用奠定基础。结合微量热结果和电镜表征结果，构建了Ag/纳米碳复合抗菌材料的结构与抗菌性能之间的关系，为设计和开发高效的抗菌材料奠定坚实理论基础和实验依据。