固-液-气界面上液滴和微纳米颗粒的输运行为与主动操控方法研究

The transport and dynamic behaviors of small droplets and micro/nano particles at solid-liquid-vapor interfaces are of key importance in micro/nanoelectromechanical systems and for application in the fields of environment, energy, biology and medicine. However, due to the effect of the geometrical constraint, interface property, disturbance and fluctuation, coupling between the interface and external fields, research on the understanding of the dynamic behaviors of transport at the solid-liquid-vapor interfaces remains to be explored. Particularly, realization of controllable transport of droplets and micro/nano particles using multiple physical fields is still very challenging. In this project, we will focus on dynamic phenomena at the solid-liquid-vapor interfaces. We will study the spontaneous transport behavior of small particles resulted from the effect of curvature and capillary force. We will realize controllable transport of droplets on the basis of combination of micro/nano mechanics, surface chemistry and optical methods, especially trapping and manipulation of micro/nano particles and biological samples at the solid-liquid-vapor interfaces. Meanwhile, theoretical models of the dynamics resulted from the curvature and surface tension gradients will be quantitatively constructed, as well as the interaction between particles and interfaces. This project expects to develop new theories and methods in the aspects of transport and dynamics at the solid-liquid-vapor interfaces, and in the design of the aforementioned devices. Furthermore, the goal of this project is to shed new light on the applications in micro/nanofluidics and biofluidics from a practical viewpoint.

固-液-气界面液滴和微纳米颗粒的输运和动力学行为研究是设计微纳米流体器件及其在环境、能源、生物和医学等领域中应用的基础。然而对其机制的理解受几何约束、界面特性、扰动和涨落、界面和外场的耦合等因素影响，目前对界面输运动力学行为的研究有待深入，特别是在多物理场下（如流动、化学、光学）对液滴和微纳米颗粒输运的主动操控依然是一个挑战性问题。本项目以固-液-气界面液滴和微纳米颗粒为研究对象，研究曲率和毛细张力效应驱动的液滴和颗粒的自发输运行为；并将微纳米力学、表面化学和光学手段相结合，实现液滴输运的主动操控、尤其是固-液-气界面上微纳米颗粒和生物颗粒的捕获和操控。同时对输运过程中曲率和界面张力梯度引起的界面动力学行为、以及颗粒和界面相互作用机理进行研究。本项目期望在固-液-气界面输运和动力学理论、器件设计方面发展新的理论与方法，为其在微纳米流体和生物流体力学领域的应用提供理论指导。

固-液-气界面液滴和微纳米颗粒的输运和动力学行为研究是设计微纳米流体器件及其在环境、能源、生物和医学等领域中应用的基础。然而对其机制的理解受几何约束、界面特性、扰动和涨落、界面和外场的耦合等因素影响，目前对界面输运动力学行为的研究有待深入，特别是在多物理场下（如流动、化学、光学）对液滴和微纳米颗粒输运的主动操控依然是一个挑战性问题。本项目以固-液-气界面颗粒为研究对象（包含液滴、生物膜泡等），发现了基底以及液-气界面曲率对液滴、膜泡的粘附和驱动行为具有重要影响；将光学手段与微纳米力学和表面化学相结合，实现了润滑表面上对液滴的捕获和主动操控；利用多学科交叉的手段实现了对表面张力的操控，制备了一种光学透镜；并针对液滴和膜泡粘附机制、液滴构型转换中的分叉现象、长距离高效液滴输运行为建立了理论模型。本项目的研究成果对防粘附和液体操控领域的应用具有重要的指导意义。