内置预应力组合斜撑的短肢剪力墙结构的抗震性能及关键技术研究

In high-rise buildings, shear walls are the key components which play the crucial roles in resisting earthquake load. Therefore, the research on developing new styles of shear walls with superior properties have always been a hot topic in the seismic field. In order to overcome the weakness of the poor seismic performance of ordinary short-pier shear walls, a new type of prestressed composite brace and short-pier shear wall built-in with the prestressed composite braces will be proposed in this project, which focus on exploring new forms and related theories of shear wall structure from an idea of comprehensive utilization of prestressed bracing and additional damping..From the element levels of prestressed composite brace and the concrete under axial compression to the structural level of the short-pier shear wall with built-in prestressed composite braces, the mechanisms and methods for controlling and optimizing of the damping properties of the prestressed braces and the methods for application of the prestress in the brace are investigated. The basic theoretical issues includes: the variation of prestressing, the mechanisms of stiffness degradation and energy dissipation capacity, the failure modes , the load resisting capacity, the characteristics of the hysteretic behavior, and ductility performance are revealed based on the experimental tests, theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. The mechanical models for load resisting capacity, short-term stiffness, and hysteretic response are generated. In addition, the interface contact element models are also established. So, theoretical model of the influence mechanism and the active effect of prestress impacting on the damage characteristics of the short-pier shear wall are concluded. Furthermore, the key technology of design method and computation theory of both the prestressed composite brace and the short-pier shear wall with built-in prestressed composite braces will be proposed. This project may provide scientific evidence and theoretical basis for the engineering application of the proposed composite brace.

作为高层建筑结构的核心抗侧力构件，剪力墙在抵御地震作用上起到十分关键的作用，因此发展新型剪力墙结构的理论研究一直是抗震领域的研究热点。为克服普通短肢墙抗震性能差的弱点，提出一种新型的预应力组合斜撑及内置该斜撑形成的预应力短肢墙结构,从预应力与附加阻尼相结合的思路探索剪力墙结构的新形式及相关理论。.通过试验研究、理论分析和数值模拟相结合的方法，从斜撑单元、轴心受力构件再到预应力短肢墙结构的三个层面，探索控制和优化斜撑的阻尼性能和施加预应力的机理和方法，揭示预应力短肢墙结构的刚度退化机理和耗能机理、破坏形态和承载力、滞回特性和延性性能，建立其恢复力模型、承载力和短期刚度的计算方法和理论模型，建立斜撑的界面接触单元模型，分析预应力对结构损伤的影响机制和作用效应理论模型，提出预应力组合斜撑及预应力短肢墙结构的设计方法、计算理论及构造措施等关键技术，为该新型结构体系的工程应用提供科学依据和理论基础。

剪力墙作为高层建筑结构的核心抗侧力构件，在抵御地震作用上起到十分关键的作用，因此发展新型剪力墙结构的理论研究一直是抗震领域的研究热点。为解决传统钢筋混凝土短肢剪力墙抗震性能不理想问题，本项目提出内置预应力组合斜撑、型钢、钢板等多重增强措施的组合短肢剪力墙结构。.通过试验研究、理论分析和数值模拟相结合的方法，对系列组合短肢剪力墙结构的抗震性能和设计理论进行研究，主要内容有：制备出满足工程需求的高阻尼混凝土，通过162个圆柱体试块的单调和循环加载试验，建立本构关系模型；通过20个钢管阻尼混凝土组合斜撑的推出试验和和轴压试验，研究组合斜撑在单调和循环加载作用下的界面黏结强度、耗能能力以及承载性能；在6片预应力组合斜撑型钢混凝土短肢剪力墙试验基础上，构建18种不同工况的数值模型，考察预应力组合斜撑的作用机理和剪力墙破坏特征，优化预应力组合斜撑形式，提出了基于软化拉压杆模型的承载力计算方法；通过12片T形截面型钢（钢板）混凝土短肢剪力墙的拟静力试验，考察了剪力墙的失效机制和抗震性能，运用有限元分析不同加载角度等89种工况对剪力墙受力性能的影响规律，建立能够反映剪力滞后效应影响的力学模型和恢复力模型，提出基于性能的抗震设计方法；通过7片焊接钢筋网的PEC端柱钢板混凝土短肢剪力墙拟静力试验，揭示型钢端柱、钢腹板、钢筋网片与混凝土之间的协同工作机理，理论推导出截面承载力计算公式；通过2榀两层双肢型钢混凝土短肢剪力墙模型试验，揭示该类联肢墙的破坏机制和抗震性能。研究成果可为高层建筑结构的性能提升提供新思路和新方法，具有重要的工程意义和社会效益。