硅基同质异质结太阳电池物理与器件研究

The investigation of physical properties and device application of novel solar cells is the frontier of modern condensed matter physics. This project proposes the basic research of silicon based solar cells with homojunction and heterojunction (homo-hetero junction solar cells). By the combination of the electrical advantage from the homo-hetero junction structure and the optical advantage from the silicon nanostructure arrays, both superior optical and electrical properties can be achieved in the solar cell. Through the establishment of the theoretical model for homo-hetero junction solar cells with nanostructure arrays surface, we are able to gain a better insight into the effect of interface recombination, defect density, layer doping and thickness, shape, height and density of silicon nanostructure arrays on the optical absorption and charge transport characteristics. Based on the realization of optimized silicon nanostructure arrays, we study the influence of field-effect passivation from the homo-hetero junction structure on the reduction of interface recombination. We propose to design and fabricate the high-efficiency (＞22%) homo-hetero junction solar cells with nanostructure arrays surface in large size of 125mmx125mm and solve the scientific issues of optimal antireflection and field-effect passivation. The present project will benefit for the future application of silicon based homo-hetero junction solar cells and make contribution to the development of photovoltaic science & technology.

新概念高效太阳电池物理性质与器件应用的探索研究是当代凝聚态物理学科前沿。本项目提出硅基同质异质结太阳电池物理与器件创新基础研究，主要借助于同质异质结复合结构在电学方面和纳米结构阵列在光学方面的互补优势，同时实现优越的光、电特性。通过建立硅基纳米结构阵列表面同质异质结太阳电池光电理论模型，透彻了解界面复合、缺陷、各层掺杂和厚度、纳米结构形状、高度和密度等对光吸收及载流子输运的影响；在实现优化纳米结构阵列的基础上，开展同质异质结复合结构对纳米结构阵列场效应钝化影响的研究，减小界面复合损失；设计、制备出大面积（125mm×125mm）高效（＞22%）硅基纳米结构阵列表面同质异质结太阳电池原型器件，解决其中最优减反和最佳场效应钝化等核心科学问题；为新概念硅基同质异质结太阳电池的未来应用作贮备，推动半导体光伏科学与技术的发展。

本面上项目利用同质异质结复合结构在电学方面和纳米结构阵列在光学方面的互补优势，进行硅基同质异质结太阳电池物理与器件创新基础研究。建立了硅基纳米结构阵列表面同质异质结太阳电池光电理论模型，透彻了解了界面复合、缺陷、各层掺杂和厚度、纳米结构形状、高度和密度等对光吸收及载流子输运的影响。结合同质异质结复合结构对纳米结构阵列场效应钝化、减小界面复合损失，开展了优化纳米结构阵列在高效硅基太阳电池上的应用研究。成功制备出大面积（225.47cm2）高效（22.17%）硅基纳米结构阵列表面异质结太阳电池，解决其中最优减反和最佳钝化等核心科学问题。