基于宽频带压缩态光场的量子激光雷达亚散粒噪声相干探测研究

Quantum Lidar is a technique, which connects the quantum tool with Lidar technique together. It can be made a sub-shot noise limit measurement for coherent detection, and obtain a high signal-to-noise ratio or sensitive measurement for remote sensing. This project is implemented for a sub-shot noise limit measurement of coherent heterodyne detection based on a brightness broadband squeezed state generator, which presents the intensity, distance and doppler information of the object for high resolution ratio. We will research the squeezing bandwidth, low power signal detection and noise-free phase-sensitive amplification of the system, and build the coherent heterodyne detection based on a 100 MHz broadband squeezer, which will improve the signal-to-noise ratio by a factor of 2 dB. This research will be benefit for the application of quantum enhanced Lidar.

量子激光雷达是在激光雷达接收端引入量子技术手段，实现对目标信号的亚散粒噪声光学相干探测，对高信噪比、高灵敏度超远距离遥感探测具有重要的研究价值。本项目拟首次采用宽频带明亮压缩态光场取代外差探测中的本振光，实现对运动目标强度、距离、多普勒信息的高分辨率探测。通过对压缩带宽、弱信号高增益探测和无噪声相敏放大等关键技术的研究，建立一种基于100 MHz带宽的明亮压缩态光源的亚散粒噪声相干外差探测方案，提升目标信号探测信噪比至少2dB，为量子增强型激光雷达走向实际应用提供一种量子技术解决方案。

量子激光雷达（Quantum Lidar, QL）是一种利用量子资源进行目标状态感知与信息获取的量子远程传感器，通过在发射端和/或接收端引入量子增强策略，实现对目标信号的亚散粒噪声光学相干探测，适用于高信噪比、高灵敏度超远距离遥感探测，是一种可突破经典散粒噪声基准（Shot Noise Limit，SNL）的光学遥感测量，是蓬勃发展的量子技术与激光雷达技术相结合的产物。本项目首次设计了基于宽频带明亮压缩态光场的亚散粒噪声相干外差探测，实现了对运动目标强度、多普勒信息的高信噪比检测。通过解决压缩带宽、弱信号高增益探测和量子增强相干外差探测等关键技术，建立了一种基于100 MHz带宽明亮压缩态的亚散粒噪声探测和一种基于纠缠态光场的量子照明激光雷达方案，提升目标信号探测信噪比4.8 dB，为量子增强型激光雷达走向实际应用提供一种量子技术解决方案。