中国枣树干腐病病原-葡萄座腔菌属（Botryosphaeria）真菌的种类组成及群体遗传分析

Chinese-date Botryosphaeria canker was an important and catastrophic stem and branch disease in China and caused significant yield loses, which have become a major threat to the industry. However, the fungal species responsible for the disease and the rules of population genetics, were not clear. So as to establish an effectively strategy were not achievement by now. The phylogenetic relationships in Botryosphaeria were systematically studied by the sequence data sets of rDNA-ITS, BotF15, EF1α, β-tubulin, and RPB2 gene. The fungal species were identified on the basis of pathogenic morphological characteristics and the results of phylogenetic relationships research. The ISSR-PCR amplification protocol suitable for the causal agents of Chinese-date Botryosphaeria canker was established by the orthogonal designed experiments. Subsequently, the rules of population genetics of pathogen were studied using the protocol. The results of project will not only enrich the related knowledgement in genus of Botryosphaeria，but also pave the way for knowing the biological characteristics, studying the epidemic rules, establishing an effective strategy to control the disease and monitor the pathogen at an early stage of disease development, and quickly promoting the development of breeding the cultivars resistant to this disease.

枣树干腐病是严重影响我国大枣安全生产的一种枝干病害。由于对其病原菌种类组成和群体遗传规律研究的缺失，致使迄今为止还没建立起行之有效的病害防治方法。本研究以病原菌的形态学特征为基础，结合以核糖体转录间隔区（rDNA-ITS），包含微卫星序列的未知区域(BotF15)，β-微管蛋白，延伸因子1α，RNA聚合酶Ⅱ亚基蛋白(RPB2)等基因片段序列为基础的多基因分子系统发育分析法，对引起我国枣树干腐病的葡萄座腔菌属真菌种类组成进行系统的研究。采用正交设计法，建立起适合我国枣树干腐病菌进行ISSR-PCR扩增的体系，并以此为基础对病菌群体遗传多样性进行研究。本项目的实施，不仅可以丰富我国在葡萄座腔菌属真菌研究方面的内容，而且，可以为进一步的了解病原菌的生物学特性，研究病害的流行规律，建立早期的病害预测预报系统，制订有效的病害防治策略提供理论依据，同时，也可为抗病育种工作的开展奠定理论基础。