深部开采与巷道围岩结构稳定控制信息化基础理论

Taking the large deformation of surrounding rock, failure and instability due to rock bursts for roadways suffered from dual complex conditions of strong mining and high stress level as the background, based on the nonlinear theory of far from equilibrium and structural effects of coal and rock mass, the scientific problem of stability control of bearing structure for both the stope and roadway surrounding rock is taken as the research objective, combined with the new research methods of multiple physical information detection of geoelectric method and earthquake method, the high-energy real-time CT scanning rock mechanics triaxial test system, as well as the in situ active and passive CT elastic wave accurate detection and inversion technique. According to different strata structure characteristics, large deformation of roadway surrounding rock structure, the mechanism of rock burst disaster, and control principle and method of four-dimensional cooperative stability and impact energy release-absorption will be further studied, by using combined methods of nonlinear and discontinuous mechanics analysis, field test, discrete element numerical simulation, and the information fusion and data mining technology. The surrounding rock stability control standards and evaluation index can be put forward, multi-sourced information temporal-spatial fusion and association regularity of surrounding rock can be obtained, intelligent judgment and identification, as well as the comprehensive early warning platform for surrounding rock stability control can be established, and the basic theory and technology system of surrounding rock structural stability with dynamic regulation of informatization for deep buried roadway with strong mining can be set up. The research results can provide scientific theory basis and guidance for safe and efficient mining of deep buried coal resources.

以深部强采动与高应力叠加导致煤岩两类巷道的围岩大变形与冲击地压破坏失稳为背景，以远离平衡态非线性理论为指导，从煤岩体结构效应出发，围绕采场与巷道围岩承载结构稳定控制这一科学问题，综合采用地震法、地电磁法等多源物理信息探测手段与高能CT实时扫描岩石力学三轴试验系统新方法以及现场原位弹性波主被动CT精准探测与反演技术等，结合非线性与非连续力学理论分析、现场试验、离散元数值仿真、信息融合与数据挖掘等综合研究手段和方法，针对不同岩层结构特点，深入研究巷道围岩结构大变形与冲击地压灾害孕育机理以及四维等强围岩协同稳定与冲击释能-吸能控制原理与方法，提出围岩稳定性评价指标与控制标准，获得围岩多源时空信息融合与关联规律，建立围岩稳定性智能判识与综合预警平台，构建深部强采动巷道围岩结构稳定动态调控信息化基础理论与技术体系，为实现深部煤炭资源安全高效开采与稳定控制提供科学的理论基础与指导。

针对我国煤矿千米深井存在高应力、强采动、大变形难题，以深部强采动与高应力叠加导致煤岩两类巷道的围岩大变形与冲击地压破坏失稳为背景，以远离平衡态非线性理论为指导，从煤岩体结构效应出发，创新了深部巷道围岩结构失稳灾变全过程试验系统装置，突破了深部围岩大变形灾害物理模拟的瓶颈，为研究深部围岩灾变大变形机理与稳定性控制技术提供了条件，综合采用震电磁等多源物理信息探测手段与高能CT实时扫描岩石力学三轴试验系统新方法以及现场原位弹性波主被动CT精准探测与反演技术等，系统开展了深部强采动与高应力叠加导致煤岩围岩渐变大变形与冲击地压突变大变形两类巷道的灾变大变形机理，提出了“降压+升强+控稳”三位一体围岩稳定性控制理论与方法，获得了三类不同围岩结构破坏模式及稳定性控制原则，建立了释能、吸能稳定控制关键技术体系，发明了氧化石墨烯改性水泥基注浆材料制备方法，构建了围岩稳定控制信息化基础理论模型，建立了远程在线围岩多源信息融合的监测预警平台，完成了深部强采动大变形与冲击地压灾害控制示范工程各1项。经过课题组全体成员的共同努力，圆满完成了原定计划任务与预期目标。.相关研究成果已获得教育部自然科学一等奖1项、江苏省自然科学二等奖2项以及其他省部级科技进步奖7项；主编国家及行业标准2部；授权发明专利39项；培养博士22名，硕士46名，国家级“四青”人才1名，江苏省优青3名，中国科协青托3名；发表三类高质量论文141篇、出版学术专著6部；新增国家级与企业重大科研项目10项。研究成果先后被应用到安徽淮南口孜东矿、河南平煤集团、山西同煤集团等，成功的解决了深部高应力巷道围岩稳定与冲击地压难题。