高能量分辨、高收集效率磁瓶型带电粒子能量谱映射技术研究

Currently, new type of high-performance energy (momentum) mapping technique is strongly demanded in attosecond laser spectroscopy, electron momentum spectroscopy and photoelectron spectroscopy. Aiming at this, the project will focus on studying the magnetic-bottle type charged particle energy spectrum mapping technique with high energy resolution and high collection efficiency, which also can be used in situation of differential pumping. The content includes: studying the mechanism of focusing and mapping charged particle initial energy state by the adiabitic magnetic mirror effect; exploring the technical principles of enhancing energy resolution by weakening the angle dispersive for any emission energy, and equivalently increasing the energy dispersive for any emission angle; analyzing the strong collimation impact of magnetic mirror effect on improve the particle collection efficiency; and ultimately providing a comprehensive theoretical technical elaboration. The corresponding output is a magnetic-bottle type electron energy spectrum mapping instrument design, of which the initial kinetic electron energy is 0～300 eV, particle collection efficiency is not lower than 50%, the relative energy resolution of better than 0.5%. At last but not least, a test prototype will be conducted to do experimental study of attosecond spectroscopy. The study herein provides technical reference for those subsequent engineering applications.

当前，阿秒激光光谱学、电子动量谱学及光电子能谱学对新型高性能带电粒子能量(动量)谱映射技术的需求极为强烈。针对此，该项目在明晰现有技术性能提升瓶颈基础上，通过探究绝热磁镜效应所具有的带电粒子聚焦及精细映射双重功能，重点阐述其内在物理机制及其应用实现，洞悉其通过削弱单一能量的角度色散性、等效增加单一角度的能量色散性而最终提升能量分辨率参数性能的技术原理，同时分析绝热磁镜效应的强准直效应在提高系统带电粒子收集效率方面的功效，最终给出完备的技术理论阐述。给出一种电子能量谱映射仪设计方案，对初始发射动能为0～300 eV的电子而言，其粒子收集效率不低于50%、相对能量分辨率优于0.5%；同时研制测试样机，进行阿秒光谱学实验研究。此研究可为该技术后续工程推广应用提供技术参考。

当前，阿秒激光光谱学、电子动量谱学及光电子能谱学对新型高性能带电粒子能谱分析技术的需求极为强烈。该项目在明晰现有技术性能提升瓶颈基础上，通过探究绝热磁镜效应所具有的带电粒子聚焦及精细映射双重功能，重点阐述了其内在物理机制及其通过削弱单一能量的角度色散性、等效增加单一角度的能量色散性而最终提升能量分辨率性能的技术原理，同时也分析了绝热磁镜效应的强准直效应在提高带电粒子收集效率方面的功效，借助于电子源发射模型构建、三维电子轨迹追踪等手段，最终形成了完备的磁瓶型电子能谱映射技术理论。项目给出了一种电子能谱仪设计方案：对初始发射动能为1～300 eV的电子而言，其粒子收集效率高于50%、相对能量分辨率小于0.35%；原理验证试验印证了前述理论的正确性，在理论和实验两方面均圆满完成了项目研究目标。项目研究成果包括期刊/会议论文8篇，主编英文专著1部（LAMBERT Academic Publishing），参编中文专著1部（科学出版社），专利申请2项（其中1项已提交至专利代理公司），培养硕士研究生2名，参加国际学术研讨会3次。该课题输出的研究成果，不仅将丰富当前高性能电子能谱精细映射分析技术理论，而且其后续工程实现也将满足阿秒物理诊断、光电子能谱学等领域对高端电子能谱仪的迫切需求，因而具有重要的科学意义和可期的应用前景。