星地量子密钥分发的军民融合组网研究

Network security is an important component of national security. Cryptography is the core technology and foundation which ensures network security. Building an application-oriented quantum cryptography system and integrating it with military and civilian cryptography networks is of major strategic significance for China’s network security. At present, quantum key distribution technology based on fiber and satellite is at the preliminary stage of utilization, and the two distribution platforms, i.e. quantum science experiment Mozi satellite and the quantum Beijing-to-Shanghai artery are already in operation. This project innovatively integrates military and civilian applications with the two major quantum key distribution platforms, such that platform usage can be apportioned most efficiently, economically and functionally. Research proposal includes: integration of military confidential information network and satellite-ground quantum key distribution network, financial security data transmission network and satellite-ground quantum key distribution network integration, application of network isolation technology, developing protocols and standards for network integration; developing a prototype machine for quantum key management and transfer equipment, and field test in-satellite ground station; data collection of actual demand and analysis of the quantity and location of research sites, and so on. The successful completion of this project will serve as a foundation for the design and comprehensive implementation and application of a world-wide integrated quantum key distribution network in the foreseeable future.

网络安全是国家安全的重要组成部分，密码是保障网络安全的核心技术和基础支撑。建设面向应用的量子密码系统，并与军民密码网络融合组网，对于确保我国信息安全具有重大作用和战略意义。当前，基于光纤和卫星的量子密钥分发技术已具备初步实用能力，量子科学实验卫星和量子京沪干线两大平台均已建设完成并正常运行。本项目创新的提出将军事和民用等多个应用网络与两大量子密钥分发平台融合组网，使平台得到有效共享，最为经济合理，也切实可行。项目的研究内容包括了军用保密信息网与星地量子密钥分发网的融合、金融保密数据传输网与星地量子密钥分发网的融合、应用网络间的隔离技术、网络融合的标准和协议等；研制符合星地量子通信标准的密钥管理和转接设备原理样机，并在卫星地面站进行现场测试；收集实际需求，研究新布站点数量与位置等等。本项目的成功完成，可以为未来天地一体化广域量子密钥分发网络的全面建议和实际应用提供设计依据和前期保障。

本项目的研究内容是开展星地量子密钥分发的标准和协议研究，在天地一体化空间量子科学实验平台和地面光纤量子通信网络的基础上，针对军民融合组网需求，在国家机要部门、银行金融机构等领域开展组网应用研究；改造或研制适应融合组网标准和协议要求的密钥管理设备与密钥转接设备原理样机。按照预定计划的要求，完成了量子卫星地面站与地面光纤量子通信网络之间的接口融合，形成了一致的数据传输协议，成功推动了量子通信技术在人民银行和国家电网等重要单位的应用，促成了军委某局立项星地量子密钥分发演示验证项目，本项目的完成情况合预期效果。