多层神经元网络的时空同步及簇节律传递动力学研究

Complex spatial and temporal firing behaviors and mechanism of the biological neuronal networks are key problems in the field of neural dynamics research. Some studies have shown that neuronal dynamical behaviors of the multi-layer neuronal networks and bursting rhythm transmission dynamics have important physiological significance for us to understand the formation of high cognitive functions and the reasons of brain disorders. However, their dynamical mechanisms still need to be fully studied so as to well understand principle of normal function in multi-layer brain networks. In this project, based on the theory and methods of nonlinear dynamics and complex networks, we will study the dynamical bifurcation of burst synchronization formation of neuronal networks and bursting rhythm transmission dynamics in the multi-layer neuronal networks. Then we will focus on the dynamical characteristics of synchronization and spatiotemporal pattern of multi-layer neuronal networks with different factors and explore the effect of different network topological structures on dynamical behaviors. Furthermore, evolution mechanisms of some complex dynamical behaviors will be disclosed. In the neuronal systems, their topological properties and dynamics have close relationship with brain function and various brain disorders. Therefore, the obtained results of this project can provide some theories for us to understand information transmission and work mechanism of neuronal systems and clinical diagnosis of brain disorders.

生物神经元网络呈现的复杂时空电活动行为及其机理是神经动力学领域研究的核心问题。研究表明多层神经网络的时空动力学和簇节律的传递对理解大脑高级认知功能的形成及脑部疾病发生机理有着重要的生理学意义，然而，它们的动力学机制仍需充分研究以更好的解释多层大脑网络的正常工作原理。本项目应用非线性动力学和复杂网络的理论与方法,以神经簇放电和多层神经元网络为研究对象，研究神经元网络的簇同步形成的动力学分岔机制；考察多层神经元网络中簇节律传递的动力学特性，进而研究多层神经元网络在不同因素作用下的同步和斑图等动力学行为的演化特性；探索不同网络拓扑结构对多层神经元网络动力学行为的影响，并揭示其复杂动力学行为的演化机理。由于神经元系统的网络拓扑特性及动力学与脑部的功能和疾病有着密切联系，本项目的研究将为人们深刻认识神经系统的信息传递和工作机理以及今后的脑疾病临床诊断提供可参考的理论基础。

本项目利用非线性动力学的理论和方法，研究多层神经元网络的时空同步、放电有序性等放电动力学行为特性；对具有时滞的神经元网络进行稳定性和分岔分析，探讨噪声、时滞等因素对多层神经元网络的时空同步的重要影响；研究皮质-丘脑回路的神经场模型的失神发作动力学，解释一些神经性疾病的病理,寻求消除病态同步的去同步化方法；讨论生态系统的稳定性条件以加深对神经元竞争的理解。上述研究将为深入认识脑工作原理、了解神经认知功能、揭示神经系统疾病的病理、以及今后的临床诊断提供理论基础，同时促进非线性动力学理论的发展。