快速检测微量尿液中VOCs的超声雾化质谱方法研究

Detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in human urine has potential application in screening disease. Because the urine sample could not be stored for a long time, rapid detection of VOCs in fresh urine is the key to the screening for disease markers. However, the current detection technology cannot meet the requirement of rapid. So we will develop a new ultrasonic atomizing extraction proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry (UAE-PTR-MS) technology. This technology employ ultrasonic atamization for rapid extracting VOCs from urine to make research on the method of rapid detection of urine VOCs combined with PTR-MS detection technology. Firstly, the effect factors of the efficiency of urine VOCs extraction and transmission will be evaluated, including the ultrasonic sheet, the flow rate of carrier gas, and the temperature of atomizing chamber, transmission line, and reaction tube. And then, the method of UAE-PTR-MS for the detection of urine VOCs will be validated, and the application for the detection of urine VOCs from healthy people will be researched under the optimized instrument parameters. This program will provide a new method for the detection of VOCs in urine. Objective results have the characteristics of rapid and small sample needed, and is to provide a new tool for the rapid screening of disease markers in urine.

尿液中挥发性有机物（ VOCs）检测有望应用于疾病筛查。尿液样本不宜长时间保存，因此快速检测新鲜尿液中VOCs是疾病标志物筛查研究的关键。针对现有技术难以实现快速检测尿液VOCs的问题，本项目提出一种超声雾化提取-质子转移反应质谱（UAE-PTR-MS）新技术，采用超声雾化的方式将微量尿液中VOCs快速提取为气态，结合PTR-MS检测技术，进行尿液VOCs快速检测的方法研究。项目将首先考察影响尿液VOCs提取传输效率的因素，包括超声片规格、载气流速，以及雾化腔、传输管和反应管的温度，选择最优参数。然后利用UAE-PTR-MS技术开展健康人群尿液VOCs检测的方法验证与应用研究。本项目将为尿液VOCs检测提供一种新方法，目标结果具有快速和所需样品量少的特点，将为尿液中疾病标志物的快速筛查研究提供一种新工具。

尿液中挥发性有机物（VOCs）检测有望应用于疾病筛查，但是尿液样本长时间保存将导致内部VOCs浓度降低。针对现有装置和方法难以实现快速检测尿液VOCs的问题，本项目发展了一种超声雾化提取-质子转移反应质谱（UAE-PTR-MS）新技术，利用雾化的方式将尿液中VOCs快速提取为气态，结合PTR-MS进行检测。经过性能优化与测试，发现输送气态VOCs至质谱所需载气的最佳流速为100 mL/min，过快将导致样本稀释，此时装置的响应时间为5 s，完成一次检测所需样本量仅为100 uL，完成了项目指标。以3倍信噪比计算，检出限为1.98 μg/L，实际尿液加标回收率为88.39%~94.54%。与常规尿液VOCs检测装置顶空固相微萃取气相色谱质谱（HS-SPME-GC-MS）技术比较发现，UAE-PTR-MS的稳定性和加标回收率与其相当，但检出限优化了90倍，响应时间缩短了3600倍。利用此装置对健康志愿者尿液进行检测，发现了20个明显的质谱峰，对应14种VOCs。综上，本项目实现了项目目标，建立的UAE-PTR-MS为疾病标志物的快速筛查提供了一种潜在技术和方法。