电子束永磁扩散原理及关键技术研究

Electron beam irradiation processing is an important part of non-power nuclear technology industry and a new method of green environmental protection, which is widely used in various fields of industry, agriculture, medical, and health, environmental protection etc. The traditional electron beam scanning magnet has some disadvantages, such as excitation Current regulatory complex, irradiation uniformity and the irradiation area is very difficult to improve. The author proposes an innovative idea of a permanent magnet electron beam spread technology which is using a special configuration of the magnetic field to spread electron beam bunch directly. This research is focusing on the key technology of electron beam permanent magnet spread equipment, the special configuration of the magnetic field and will find the influence caused by space charge effect, the parameters of equipment etc. The results indicate that compared with the traditional electron beam scanning system, the electron beam spread technic boosts the advantages of a larger spread area, non-power supply, simple structure and low cost, etc., which means it is not only suitable for the irradiation of objects with the shape of tubes, strips and panels, but can also achieve a desirable irradiation performance on irregular constructed objects of large size.

电子束辐照加工是一种绿色环保的高新加工方法，是非动力核技术产业链的重要组成部分，广泛应用于工业、农业、医疗卫生、环境保护等各个领域。传统电磁铁电子束扫描法，励磁电流调控复杂、辐照均匀性和辐照面积很难提高。本课题提出一种新的电子束扩散方法，用永磁铁构建特殊位形的磁场分布，实现电子束均匀扩散。主要进行电子束永磁扩散关键技术研究，着重解决特殊磁场位形的构建、永磁扩散装置结构参数及磁场位形分布对电子束的扩散作用和对电子束均匀度的影响、永磁扩散装置的优化设计等问题。电子束永磁扩散关键技术的突破，可以简化电子加速器、提高辐照均匀度、有利于保护钛窗，扩大辐照面积，解决异形结构大尺寸物体的电子束辐照加工问题。

辐照加速器是非动力核技术应用的核心设备，其散束装置的性能直接决定了加速器辐照均匀度和面积，控制着辐照产品的质量。传统散束装置-锯齿波扫描电磁铁辐照面积小、辐照均匀度差，存在“尾扫”、异形束斑及束斑点照射等世界性难题。本项目首次提出了辐照加速器电子束永磁扩散技术，发现了采用永磁材质构建特殊位形磁场直接扩散电子束的机理，发明了电子束永磁扩散装置，项目着重解决了特殊磁场位形的构建、永磁扩散装置结构参数及磁场位形分布对电子束的扩散作用和对电子束均匀度的影响、永磁扩散装置的优化设计等问题。通过对电子束永磁扩散关键技术研究的突破，简化了电子加速器、提高了辐照均匀度、扩大了辐照有效面积，解决了异形结构大尺寸物体的电子束辐照加工等难题。