基于宽带微波逆散射方法的高含水原油现场测量和成像

As the continuous increments of water contents in crude oils, the efficiency and cost of crude-oil exploitation are deteriorating dramatically, leading to a serious energy security status in our country. The underlying technical reason is the lack of water-cut logging tools for oil field with high water content, which has become a pain point in the petroleum industry. Aiming to solve such a problem, this research focuses on the water-cut logging technique based on broadband microwave permittivity measurements. In-situ broadband measurements of the complex permittivity and the imaging of water-oil spatial distribution will be implemented for the crude oil in metallic pipelines, using microwave inverse scattering methods with inhomogeneous backgrounds. The validity and feasibility of the proposed methods will be demonstrated by theoretical analysis, algorithm developments, simulations and experiments. The accomplishment of this research project will provide effective solutions for the perennial technical problem in the production logging area, being of great research significance and engineering value.

随着我国油田原油含水率的持续增长，国产原油开采效率和成本持续恶化，对我国石油安全的影响越来越大。造成上述现状的技术层面原因，是我国针对高含水油田的含水率测井技术始终未能过关，这已成为我国石油生产的痛点问题。针对这一关键技术痛点，本项目拟开展基于宽带微波介电测量的原油含水率测井技术研究，利用非均匀背景中的微波透射和逆散射方法，实现井内原油复数介电常数的宽频带现场测量和油水空间分布的实时成像，并从理论、算法、仿真和实验四个层面验证新方法的有效性和可行性。本项研究的完成可望解决我国生产测井领域长期面临的技术困难，具有重要的研究意义和工程价值。

随着油田开发的持续进行，油井原油产出液含水率持续升高，地下水高矿化度高电导特性导致传统基于低频电容法的含水率测量仪器因电极短路而失效。本项目根据油水介电常数的巨大差异，研究了基于微波逆散射原理的高电导原油产出液含水率测量方法，采用等效为磁偶极子阵列的同轴漏波天线实现了高损耗媒质中微波频段电磁波的宽带高效率辐射和接收，采用金属管道电磁场并矢格林函数实现了金属管道壁中嵌入此类天线的测量装置的正演建模，采用迭代优化算法针对测量数据进行反演，设置不同数量不同位置的收发天线实现了0~130 g/L浓度盐水溶液、48~100 %乙醇溶液和70~100 %含水率油水乳化液等均匀流体复数介电常数的宽带微波测量和油水分层样品的复数介电常数空间分布成像。本项目的研究成果为高含水原油含水率在线测量提供了微波技术新方案，有望在石油生产测井等领域获得应用。