深部流变岩体复合顶板巷道破坏机理与稳定控制研究

Because of the depletion of shallow coal resource, the further development of coal mining transfers to deep in underground engineering. Due to the structure of deep roadway with composite roof complex and its strength relative lower, it easily induces the bed-separation in roof and thereby causing the disaster accidents. Hence, the reasonable support of composite roof roadway with deep rheological rocks has become an important and urgent problem to be solved in the safety production of deep coalmines. For that reason, in this project, two models, including a three-dimensional viscoplasticity creep model of rock and a nonlinear damage constitutive model of rock contact surface with different normal force, friction stiffness and bond stiffness, are established by using the three axis creep test of rock and the shear test of rock contact surface of composite roof. Moreover, based on the large finite element software ABAQUS with second-developed, the numerical simulation method of the fore-mention mechanical model is realized; and then, the failure mechanism of composite roof roadway with deep rheological rocks is studied through the physical simulation and numerical simulation. Finally, a control scheme of the composite roof roadway with deep rheological rocks is put forward utilizing the pressure relief support system which is independent researched and developed. Study results can serve as a reference and guidance for solving the surrounding rock control of the composite roof roadway with deep rheological rocks.

随着浅部资源的枯竭，煤炭开采进一步走向深部势在必行。深部巷道复合顶板结构复杂，整体强度低，极易出现离层，造成安全事故。如何对深部流变岩体复合顶板巷道进行合理的支护成为深井煤矿安全生产亟待解决的问题。本项目通过岩石三轴蠕变试验和复合顶板岩层接触面剪切试验，建立岩石三维粘塑性蠕变模型和考虑不同法向力、摩擦刚度、粘结刚度的岩石接触面非线性损伤本构模型，基于大型有限元数值计算软件ABAQUS，通过二次开发，实现所建立的力学模型数值仿真方法，在此基础上通过相似材料模拟试验以及数值仿真，研究深部流变岩体复合顶板巷道破坏机理，最后采用自主研发的让压型方钢约束泡沫混凝土支护系统，提出深部流变岩体复合顶板巷道稳定控制设计方法。本项目研究成果将为解决深部流变岩体复合顶板巷道的围岩控制提供理论依据和技术指导。

深部矿井巷道复合顶板地质条件复杂、整体强度低，受高地应力影响具有明显变形与流变现象，极易发生灾害事故。本项目开展岩石三轴蠕变试验，建立了岩石三维粘塑性蠕变模型；开展了复合顶板不同类别岩层界面剪切试验（软-软、硬-软、硬-硬），研究了不同法向力对接触面力学性能影响，分析了剪切应力与剪切位移的关系，进而建立了考虑不同法向力、摩擦刚度和粘结刚度的接触界面非线性损伤力学模型；进而对损伤力学模型进行数值仿真二次开发，揭示了深部流变岩体复合顶板巷道围岩变异特征，建立了锚杆/锚索与蠕变围岩耦合作用的本构模型，进一步研究了锚杆/锚索托锚力对围岩支撑作用的演化规律，并进行了锚杆/锚索物理力学参数与围岩力学参数对托锚力的敏感性分析。研究成果为深部流变岩体复合顶板巷道的围岩控制进一步研究奠定了基础。