基于不同支护的巷道煤与瓦斯突出灾害防治基础研究

Based on the existing research achievements of gas flow through coal seams, coal and gas outburst and roadway support at home and abroad, this project will study "multi-field interaction" of the surrounding rock stress field, fracture field and the gas seepage field in gassy coal seams to reveal the mechanism of surrounding rock deformation and failure as well as the space-time evolution law of the coal and rock mass fracture field, the gas seepage field under different support conditions. This project will evaluate the effect of different support conditions on coal seam gas flow through field monitoring and numerical simulation to derive the relationship between gas emission and the support resistance and the inhibitory effect of different support conditions on coal and gas outburst. Considering that the surrounding rocks are generally broken and the coal and rock mass with gas has the characteristics of strain softening and dilatancy, the project will formulate the quantitative relationship between the fracture development and the different support resistances. On the basis of the distribution of the surrounding rock stress field and fracture field as well as the characteristics of the gas flow, this project will put forward the control method of coal and gas outburst based on rock support. This project will carry out underground tests at typical coal mines to verify the research results by monitoring gas emission, gas pressure, support loads and rock deformation.

本项目基于目前国内外煤层瓦斯流动、煤与瓦斯突出和巷道支护的现有研究成果，在研究高瓦斯煤层巷道围岩应力场、裂隙场和瓦斯渗流场"多场互动"的基础上，揭示不同支护条件下巷道围岩变形破坏机理和煤岩体裂隙场、瓦斯渗流场时空演化规律；通过现场监测和数值模拟，研究不同支护对煤层瓦斯流动的影响，得出瓦斯涌出量与支护阻力的相互关系和不同支护对煤与瓦斯突出的抑制程度；在考虑巷道围岩普遍处于破裂状态以及含瓦斯煤岩体具有应变软化和剪胀特点的基础上，研究裂隙发展深度与不同支护阻力的定量关系；根据巷道围岩应力场、裂隙场分布规律及瓦斯流动特性，基于支护提出煤与瓦斯突出灾害防治方法。选择典型矿井进行井下试验，对煤层瓦斯涌出量、瓦斯压力、支护结构受力、围岩变形进行现场监测，验证研究成果的正确性。

摘要：项目针对我国典型的高瓦斯和煤与瓦斯突出矿井，围绕高瓦斯煤层巷道变形破坏、含瓦斯煤渗透特性、不同瓦斯抽采参数对锚杆支护巷道影响、瓦斯与支护的关系及煤与瓦斯突出灾害防治等开展研究，取得了以下主要成果：在高瓦斯煤层巷道变形破坏规律研究方面，研究得出地应力、瓦斯压力及支护阻力对高瓦斯煤层巷道围岩变形破坏规律。在含瓦斯煤渗透特性方面，实验室试验揭示出不同卸围压速度对原煤渗透特性的影响规律。在不同瓦斯抽采参数对锚杆支护巷道影响方面，通过实验室试验及现场试验的方法，研究得出不同瓦斯压力及瓦斯抽采对煤体锚固性能影响规律；采用COMSOL数值软件，计算分析揭示出不同瓦斯抽采参数对瓦斯压力分布影响规律。在瓦斯与支护关系研究方面，揭示出高瓦斯巷道围岩瓦斯渗流——锚杆支护相互影响规律，并提出了基于支护的煤与瓦斯突出灾害防治方法。三年来，项目组共发表学术论文9篇，其中SCI收录2篇，EI收录5篇；获省部级科技进步一等奖2项，二等奖2项；申请发明专利2项，获授权发明专利1项，实用新型专利2项。项目负责人吴拥政当选全国煤矿支护优秀专家；培养博士研究生1名，硕士研究生2名；项目组骨干成员参加国内外学术交流会议20余次，特邀报告5次。