含离子液体微乳液合成淀粉纳米微球的研究

The process of starch nanospheres produced by traditional microemulsion has environmental pollution. Moreover, they have big granular size, wide size distribution and bad drug loading and releasing properties. To solve these problems, the project will firstly study the feasibility of the forming of microemulsion including green solvents ionic liquids which substitute polar constituent, nonpolar constituent or surfactant of microemulsion, respectively. Moreover, the possibility of the forming of microemulsion including different ionic liquids which replace two or three constituents of microemulsions will be studied. Secondly, the project will clarify the properties and forming mechanism of microemulsions on the basis of the properties of ionic liquids, other chemical constituents and the structural measurement of microemulsion. Thirdly, by optimizing the condition of reaction system and using medium and substrate engineering, the researchers will establish the reaction system with self-owned intellectual property which will be used to produce starch nanospheres greenly and efficiently and study the relationship of structure and properties of starch nanospheres with good drug loading and releasing properties as pharmaceutical carriers. The research work will break the limitation of traditional productive technology of starch nanospheres, expand the new application of ionic liquids in forming microemulsion and microemulsion in producing starch nanospheres and provide the greater development potentiality for starch which is used to produce superior pharmaceutical carriers and theoretical direction for the application of ionic liquid in producing starch derivatives.

针对传统微乳液制备淀粉纳米微球过程中存在的环境污染、制备的淀粉颗粒粒径大、粒度分布宽、载药、释药效果不理想等问题，本项目对比研究绿色溶剂离子液体分别替代微乳液极性组分、非极性组分和表面活性剂构建微乳液的可行性，在此基础上，探讨了离子液体同时取代微乳液二种或三种化学组分构建微乳液的可能性；结合离子液体的性质、其他化学组分性质以及对微乳液体系的结构表征，揭示微乳液的结构性质以及形成规律；通过微乳液合成微球反应体系优化，借助介质工程和底物工程等手段，建立具有自主知识产权的绿色、高效合成淀粉纳米微球的新型反应体系，合成载药、释药理想的淀粉纳米微球药物载体材料并对其构效关系进行研究。该研究突破了淀粉微球传统制备工艺的局限性，拓展了离子液体在构建微乳液及由此构建的微乳液在淀粉微球合成应用方面的新领域，为淀粉制备性能优良的药物载体材料提供了更大的发展潜力，为离子液体在构建淀粉衍生物的应用提供理论。

针对传统微乳液制备淀粉纳米微球过程中存在的环境污染、制备的淀粉颗粒粒径大、粒度分布宽、载药、释药效果不理想等问题，本项目对比研究不同离子液体分别替代微乳液极性组分、非极性组分和表面活性剂构建微乳液的可行性，在此基础上，探讨了离子液体同时取代微乳液二种组分构建微乳液的可能性；通过微乳液合成微球反应体系优化，借助介质工程和底物工程等手段，建立具有自主知识产权的绿色、高效合成淀粉纳米微球的新型反应体系，合成可用于药物载体材料的淀粉纳米微球并对其构效关系进行研究。. 研究结果表明，采用离子液体[Omim]Ac、[Bmim]PF6分别取代极性相和非极性相构建离子液体微乳液，采用拟三元相图、电导率法判定出所获得的微乳液结构稳定；采用两步法制备了一种新型碱性离子液体[C3OHmim]Ac（l-(3-羟基)丙基-3甲基咪唑醋酸盐），利用此离子液体替代极性相构建了微乳液；采用离子液体C16mimBr替代表面活性剂构建微乳液，并通过研究微乳液体系的界面组成、热力学性质及结构参数等发现长碳链的醇分子、较短碳链的烷烃分子、较低温度以及较低的含水量有利于微乳液的形成；构建了离子液体同时替代两种组分即C16mimBr/醇/环己烷/[Omim]Ac微乳液及H2O/[C16mim]Br+正丁醇/[Omim]Tf2N并对其结构进行了判定；利用以上构建的系列离子液体微乳液，合成出粒径为100nm左右的淀粉纳米微球，并发现采用OSA改性的淀粉为原料能获得分散性较好的淀粉纳米微球；以淀粉纳米微球为载体，盐酸米托蒽醌为药物，考察了时间、温度、微球粒径和药物浓度对淀粉纳米微球载药和释药性能的影响。载药淀粉微球的释药曲线包括两个阶段：快速释放阶段和缓慢释放阶段，释药速率主要取决于载药微球的粒径和降解性能。. 该研究突破了淀粉微球传统制备工艺的局限性，拓展了离子液体在构建微乳液及由此构建的微乳液在淀粉微球应用方面的新领域，为淀粉制备性能优良的药物载体材料提供了更大的发展潜力，为离子液体在构建淀粉衍生物的应用提供理论依据。