新型叠氮-炔绿色聚合制备功能聚三唑

Exploration and establishment of new polymerization methodologies is of significant important for the construction of polymer materials with unique structures and advanced properties. In the field of polymer synthesis, azide-alkyne click polymerization has become one of the most important methods for the synthesis of nitrogen-containing polymers. Compared with the domestic and foreign research work in the field of azide-alkyne polymerization, the unique feature of this project is to realize efficient synthesis of functional polytriazoles under mild conditions. Based on the development of catalysts, the design of monomer structure and the control of polymerization conditions, efficient, convenient, economical and environmentally friendly azide-alkyne green polymerization will be developed, to construct polytriazoles with high yield, high molecular weight, high regioselectivity and large structural diversity. Through systematic research on the functionality and structure-property relationship of the polytriazoles, functional materials with potential applications in optoelectronic devices, chemical sensing, biomedicine and other fields will be developed. It is expected that the successful implementation of this project will provide a powerful tool for the efficient preparation of polytriazoles with new structures and functions, and eventually promote their large scale production.

开发和建立新的聚合方法学对构筑具有独特结构和先进功能的高分子材料具有重要意义。在高分子合成领域，叠氮-炔点击聚合已成为合成含氮聚合物的重要方法之一。相比于叠氮-炔聚合领域中的国内外研究工作，本项目的特色是在温和条件下实现功能聚三唑的高效合成。本项目拟通过催化剂的开发、单体结构的设计及聚合条件的控制，发展高效便捷、经济环保的叠氮-炔绿色聚合,制备高产率、高分子量、高区域选择性、结构多样的聚三唑。通过系统研究所得聚三唑的功能及构效关系，开发在光电器件、化学传感、生物医药等领域具有潜在应用的功能材料。期望本项目的顺利实施为高效制备具有新结构和新功能的聚三唑提供有力的工具，并最终推进它们的规模化生产。

发展简单高效的聚合反应对功能高分子材料的制备至关重要。在高分子合成领域，叠氮-炔点击聚合(AACP)已成为合成含氮功能聚合物的重要方法之一。本项目执行期间，立足叠氮-炔环加成聚合这一前沿方向开展研究工作，主要取得以下研究成果：首先，通过开发和筛选新型铜离子液体、十二烷基咪唑铜催化体系，拓展高效、绿色的AACP反应制备聚1,4-取代三唑，成功将聚合物用于铁离子检测、爆炸物检测和细胞成像等领域。再者，设计合成新型醛基活化内炔，并将其与叠氮单体聚合制备线形及超支化聚1,4,5-取代三唑，通过醛基及醛基活化内炔的后修饰反应对产物结构和功能进行调控，而且利用聚合物对肼和盐酸的荧光响应性，可将其应用于多重信息加密及存储领域。总之，本项目在围绕叠氮-炔绿色聚合领域做出系列原创性成果，不仅为制备具有新结构和新功能的聚三唑提供有力的工具，还有望为支柱和新兴产业提供高分子工程方面的技术储备与技术支撑。