车用ORC余热回收系统中自由活塞直线发电机工作机理与运行特性研究

This project takes aim at improving the thermal efficiency and reducing emissions of vehicle engine, according to both the fundamental of various disciplines including the theory of thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, electric machinery, contrology et al. and the guiding ideology of cross-disciplines, the working mechanism and operation characteristics of the free piston linear generator in organic Rankine cycle (ORC) system used for vehicle engine waste heat recovery are to be explored by the combined method of theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and experimental study. Through establishing test rigs for free piston liner generator system based on ORC, and numerical simulation models for free piston linear generator and waste heat recovery system based on ORC, this project will reveal the key parameters that affect the piston movement, operation frequency, output power, energy conversion efficiency of the free piston linear generator under the whole operating conditions of vehicle engine, and reveal the matching characteristics of the free piston liner generator with the waste heat recovery system. And the in-depth analysis will be accomplished to the operation mechanism of each component of the waste heat recovery system as well as the interaction mechanism among them. Based on the research achievements of this project, the practical application of free piston liner generator and ORC system for vehicle engine waste heat recovery can be supported theoretically and technically.

本项目以提高车用内燃机热效率和降低排放为目标，根据工程热力学、流体力学、机械学、电机学、控制科学等多学科的基本原理和学科交叉的指导思想，通过理论分析、数值模拟和试验研究相结合的方法，探究车用内燃机有机朗肯循环（ORC）余热回收系统中自由活塞直线发电机的工作机理与运行特性。通过建立自由活塞直线发电机试验系统、自由活塞直线发电机仿真模型、ORC余热回收系统试验装置、ORC余热回收系统仿真模型等，针对车用内燃机的全工况范围，揭示对自由活塞直线发电机活塞运动、工作频率、输出功率、热电转换效率有关键影响的因素，揭示自由活塞直线发电机与车用内燃机ORC余热回收系统的匹配特性、与其他部件的相互作用机理等。基于项目研究成果，可为自由活塞直线发电机和ORC余热回收系统在车用内燃机上的实际应用提供理论和技术支持。

有机朗肯循环（ORC）系统是回收车用内燃机排气余热能的一种有效途径。采用自由活塞直线发电机作为车用ORC余热回收系统的动力输出装置，有望解决ORC余热回收系统的结构紧凑性以及在车辆上的安装空间问题、ORC余热回收系统的制造成本问题等。本项目通过理论分析、数值模拟和试验研究相结合的方法，揭示了车用内燃机有机朗肯循环（ORC）余热回收系统中自由活塞直线发电机的工作机理与运行特性。通过建立自由活塞直线发电机试验系统、自由活塞直线发电机仿真模型、ORC余热回收系统仿真模型等，针对车用内燃机的应用场景，阐明了对自由活塞直线发电机活塞运动、工作频率、输出功率、热电转换效率有关键影响的因素，揭示了自由活塞直线发电机与车用内燃机ORC余热回收系统的匹配特性、与其他部件的相互作用机理等。基于本项目的研究成果，可为自由活塞直线发电机和ORC余热回收系统在车用内燃机上的实际应用提供理论和技术支持，并且可将研究成果应用于混合动力电动汽车等领域，从而为“碳达峰、碳中和”的现实需求提供技术解决方案。