The interaction between α4 integrin and MAdCAM-1 or VCAM-1 plays an important role in lymphocyte migration and homing and inflammation. The α4 integrin antibodies, Natalizumab and Vedolizumab, have been approved for the treatment of multiple sclerosis and inflammation bowel disease. However, due to the shortcomings of antibodies compared to small-molecule drugs, it is urgent to develop small-molecule drugs against α4 integrins. Structure-based computer-aided drug design will greatly shorten the drug development cycle and reduce the cost of drug development. Previously, we have determined the crystal structures of α4β7 complexed either with Natalizumab or Vedolizumab or a small molecule antagonist RO0505376. Now, we are aiming to solve the crystal structures of α4β1, α4β7/MAdCAM-1 complex and α4β1/VCAM-1 complex. Then based on these structures, we will design a bunch of small molecules and screen out the high-affinity, high-specificity ones for α4β7 and α4β1, respectively. This study will help to understand the recognition between α4 integrin and its ligands and also help to develop new treatment of α4 integrin-related immune diseases.
α4整合素与配体MAdCAM-1、VCAM-1的相互识别在淋巴细胞的迁移、归巢,及炎症反应中发挥着重要作用。阻断α4整合素与配体相互作用的抗体(Natalizumab、Vedolizumab)已被批准上市,用于治疗多发性硬化症和肠炎。但抗体药物的多种局限性使得小分子药物的研发迫在眉睫。基于结构的计算机辅助药物设计将大大缩短药物研发周期, 减少研发成本。早期我们解析了整合素α4β7分别与Natalizumab、Vedolizumab、小分子抑制剂RO0505376的复合物晶体结构,阐明了它们的作用机理。本课题致力于解析整合素α4β1、 α4β1与VCAM-1复合物、 α4β7与MAdCAM-1复合物的晶体结构,在原子水平阐明α4整合素对配体的识别机制,并基于结构设计筛选出专一性强、亲和性高的小分子抑制剂,为α4整合素相关免疫疾病的治疗提供结构基础和治疗性小分子先导化合物。
本项目研究的整合素α4β1 和α4β7 是重要的药物靶标,在自身免疫和炎症反应中发挥着重要作用。整合素α4β1 和α4β7 的抗体Natalizumab被用来治疗多发性硬化症和克罗恩氏病; 整合素α4β7的抗体Vedolizumab能特异阻断整合素与MAdCAM-1的相互作用,于2013年批准上市用于治疗克罗恩病和溃疡性结肠炎。虽然现在有两个抗α4 整合素的抗体药物上市,但是与小分子药物比起来,抗体药物存在着许多缺点:1)抗体药物生产困难,生产成本高,价格昂贵; 2)抗体药物需要静脉注射,患者无法自行给药; 3)抗体药物可用于治疗的剂量窗口狭窄。此外,那他珠在少数服药患者中还产生了致死性副作用。因此,本项目致力于研究整合素与配体的复合物结构并基于结构设计小分子抑制剂。我们表达出α4β7头部区域及配体, 并筛到了α4β7/配体复合物晶体。我们利用同源建模的方法建立了整合素α4β1的结构,并通过比较整合素α4β7和α4β1的活性位点,我们设计了6个小分子。研究整合素与配体复合物结构有助于基于结构的小分子药物设计,筛选出亲和力高、专一性强的小分子抑制剂将有助于降低药物的副作用。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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