热应激对蛋鸡肠道菌群多样性的影响及紫黄藿香散的干预机制

Heat stress is one of the main factors causing the decline in performance of laying hens. The body's pathophysiological changes is closely related to imbalance of intestinal flora. Heat stress can lead to an imbalance of intestinal flora, and affect the body 's digestion and absorption and immune function. Studies have shown that Chinese herbal medicine can regulate the body microenvironment and maintain the balance of intestinal flora. Our previous study showed that Chinese herbal compound (Zhihuang Huoxiang powder, abbreviation ZXHX powder ) could effectively improve the heat stress of laying hens. But its mechanism of action is unclear. In view of this, the laying hens under heat stress will be treated as the disease model. Zhihuang Huoxiang powder (ZHHX powder) will be used as the intervention drug. Based on metagenomics research methods and application of high-throughput sequencing technology, distribution and variation of intestinal flora will be analyzed. It will be contributed to comprehend the structure and function of the intestinal flora. ZHHX powder’s intervention in intestinal flora diversity of the laying hens under heat stress will be explored. Based on metabonomics research studies on intestinal contents, Specific metabolites, related to intestinal flora diversity of the laying hens under heat stress, will be analyzed. And specific metabolites, related to ZHHX powder’s intervention, will be analyzed. Based to the expected findings of the project, the correlation between heat stress and the intestinal flora diversity of the laying hens will be hopefully showed. It will contribute to further expound the mechanism in heat stress in laying hens, and the mechanism in ZHHX powder’s intervention. Simultaneously, the expected findings of the project will be very important theoretically and practically to carry out the drug screening and effectively prevent heat stress in layers.

热应激是造成蛋鸡生产性能下降的主要因素之一。机体病理生理变化与肠道菌群失调紧密相关，肠道菌群失衡将影响其消化、吸收和免疫等功能。研究表明中药能调节机体微生态环境，维持肠道菌群平衡。. 本课题组前期研究结果显示，中药复方（紫黄藿香散）能有效改善蛋鸡热应激症状，但其作用机制尚不清楚。鉴于此，本项目拟利用蛋鸡热应激模型，以紫黄藿香散为干预药物，基于宏基因组学研究方法，采用高通量测序技术，分析热应激蛋鸡肠道菌群的结构与功能，探明热应激对蛋鸡肠道菌群多样性的影响及紫黄藿香散的干预作用。通过肠道内容物的代谢组学研究，检测与热应激蛋鸡肠道菌群多样性相关的代谢产物，分析与紫黄藿香散对其干预作用相关的代谢产物。. 项目预期研究结果有望探明热应激对蛋鸡肠道菌群多样性的影响，并进一步阐述蛋鸡热应激的发生机理及紫黄藿香散的干预机制，为开展抗热应激药物筛选工作及有效防控蛋鸡热应激提供理论依据和实践意。

热应激是造成蛋鸡生产性能下降的主要因素之一，热应激所导致的蛋鸡机体病理变化与肠道菌群失调紧密相关，肠道菌群失衡又将影响其消化、吸收和免疫等综合功能。研究表明中药能调节机体微生态环境，维持肠道菌群平衡。本项目试验过程中，分别观察了热应激实验大鼠、热应激蛋鸡肠道菌群的结构与功能变化情况，分析了热应激对实验大鼠、蛋鸡肠道菌群多样性的影响，并重点研究了中药复方紫黄藿香散对其干预作用。.试验结果表明，（1）热应激实验大鼠盲肠肠道微生物多样性显著降低，在热应激不同阶段，中药复方（紫黄藿香散）治疗对肠道优势菌属的比例变化有一定的影响，厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门的菌属相对减少，中药复方（紫黄藿香散）在热应激阶段对肠道优势菌属，如乳酸菌属、瘤胃球菌属和粪球菌属有一定的积极作用。中药复方（紫黄藿香散）在治疗热应激大鼠时，是通过多个生物功能途径的机理去作用，其中主要通过糖代谢、氨基酸代谢和膜转运，这从宏观角度让我们了解到中药复方（紫黄藿香散）对热应激的作用机理，为今后进一步的研究提供理论依据。（2）热应激可以明显使热应激蛋鸡肠道菌群的拟杆菌科、毛螺菌科、巴氏菌科的物种丰度升高，肠球菌科、乳酸杆菌科的丰度比例降低，紫黄藿香散在一定程度上可以抑制这些改变，从而达到缓解热应激的作用。热应激还导致拟杆菌属、颤螺菌属、瘤胃球菌属的物种丰度显著升高，乳酸杆菌属、肠球菌属的物种丰度降低；热应激和紫黄藿香散的添加对韦荣球菌属没有明显的影响，但是紫黄藿香散有抑制热应激改变韦荣球菌属物种丰度的趋势。.通过本项目试验研究，初步探明了热应激对实验大鼠、蛋鸡肠道菌群多样性的影响及中药的干预作用，这有助于进一步阐述蛋鸡热应激的发生机理及紫黄藿香散的干预机制，并为开展抗热应激药物筛选工作及有效防控蛋鸡热应激提供了理论依据和实践意义。