面向智能制造的可编程电主轴性能调控机理及方法研究

In order to overcome the high real-time demands of performance online control for intelligent motorized spindle, meet the engineering needs for the diversity of the processing quality on the key and complex part, enhance the core competitiveness of high-end CNC machine tools in China, a programmable motorized spindle and its performance regulation mechanism and method are presented in this application of the project. Firstly, given the coupling factors such as electromagnetic, temperature, and so on, the dynamics model of programmable motorized spindle is built. Self-organizing evolution mechanism and law of motorized spindle performance stability are analyzed based on the dissipative structure theory. Secondly, the optimal distribution of the sensors arranged inside the programmable motorized spindle is studied. The statistical laws of motorized spindle performances, such as vibration, temperature, rotary accuracy, etc, are explored with the variety of regulated parameters. The evaluation index of performance mode of programmable motorized spindle is proposed. A symbolic regression constitutive model considering the influence of regulated parameters on programmable motorized spindle performance is established. Finally, the technical prototype of programmable motorized spindle control system is constructed. Aiming at different performance mode of the programmable motorized spindle, the control tempos of multiple regulated parameters are determined by the predictive decoupling control strategy, which will provide the guidance on regulation of programmable motorized spindle. A new idea on the performance regulation of motorized spindle is provided in this project. Moreover, it will provide a theoretical basis and enabling technical supporting for the performance control of intelligent spindles. It has great significance and wide application prospect on high speed and precision machining.

本申请拟针对电主轴性能在线调控实时性要求高，满足复杂核心零部件加工质量多样性的工程需求，提高我国高档数控机床的核心竞争力，提出一种可编程电主轴及其性能调控机理和方法。首先，考虑电磁场、温度场等耦合关系构建可编程电主轴的动力学模型，基于耗散结构理论研究电主轴性能稳定性的自组织演变的机制和规律。其次，研究可编程电主轴的传感器的优化布局，探索可调控参数变化时电主轴振动、温升、回转精度等性能指标的统计规律，提出可编程电主轴性能模式的评价指标，构建可调控参数对主轴性能影响的符号回归本构模型。最后，搭建可编程电主轴控制系统技术原型，针对不同电主轴性能模式，采用预测解耦控制算法确定电主轴多调控参数的控制节拍，为可编程电主轴的性能调控提供指导。本项目为电主轴性能调控方法提供了一种新思路，也为智能电主轴性能的调控提供了理论基础和使能技术支撑,在高速、精密加工领域将具有重要的意义和广泛的应用前景。

项目针对电主轴性能在线调控实时性的要求，研究了一种可编程电主轴及其性能调控机理和方法。首先，考虑电磁场、温度场等耦合关系构建可编程电主轴的动力学模型，研究了电主轴性能稳定性的影响因素。其次，研究了电磁制动力、主轴转速、冷却流量等参数变化时电主轴振动、温升等性能指标的变化规律，揭示了可编程电主轴性能稳定的影响机制。最后，开发了可编程电主轴控制系统技术原型，针对不同电主轴性能模式，进行了可编程电主轴多调控参数的控制实验，并对有无控制的工件加工质量进行了对比，为可编程电主轴的性能调控提供技术指导。本项目为电主轴性能调控方法提供了一种新思路，也为智能电主轴性能的调控提供了理论基础和使能技术支撑,在高速、精密加工领域将具有重要的意义和广泛的应用前景。