泥炭地介电特性及分层结构的雷达探测机理研究

In this project, a GPR experimental system will be constructed using relevant devices and employing SFCW mechanism based on VNA (Vector Network Analyzer). And 3D radar detecting experiment in shallow peatland will be carryied out. Radar simulation research on the layered soil of peatland will be conducted by employing transmission theory in lossy layered-medium and finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. The optimization of radar detection parameter will be provided according to the detection requirements. The velocities of electromagnetic wave in different layers of typical peat soil will be measured using the CMP method, and velocity spectrum will be constructed. The relation between stratified velocity and dielectric constant and water content will be studied. And the relation between dielectric constant and 3D peatland layered structure will also be studied in order to establish a method for evaluating the reserves of peat. Based on the relation between dielectric constant and water content, the water content distribution structure for different layers of peatland will be constructed. The effect for the analysis of underground peatland structure and water content by using radar detecting results will be evaluated and tested. The product achieved from this project will provide support in terms of mechanism and technique for large-scale national airborne detection of peat resource.

项目以矢量网络分析仪为基础组建步进频率体制的雷达实验探测系统，开展浅层泥炭地三维构造的雷达探测实验研究；利用电磁波信号在有耗分层媒质中的传输理论及时域有限差分（FDTD）法，对泥炭地分层土壤进行雷达仿真研究，并根据探测需要给出雷达优化探测参数；利用共中心点法测量典型泥炭土壤中各层的电磁波速度，形成速度谱，研究分层速度与土壤层介电常数及含水量的关系；结合雷达探测的泥炭地构造，研究介电常数与泥炭地立体分层结构的联系，建立评估泥炭储量的方法；根据建立的介电常数与含水量的关系，形成泥炭地各层含水量分布结构；评估和检验使用雷达探测结果分析地下泥炭结构和含水量方法的效果；项目所获得的成果可为我国开展大范围航空机载泥炭资源探测提供机理和技术支持。

项目针对泥炭地的高效无损探测研究而设立，研究泥炭地的雷达探测机理，并对探地雷达介入泥炭地资源普查这一技术提供依据。研究内容有1：以矢量网络分析仪为基础搭建一套探地雷达实验平台，针对泥炭地展开实验研究。2：研究雷达探测地下泥炭分层结构特征的机理，研究雷达探测中介电常数与泥炭地分层结构的联系。本项目是从研制探测设备（搭建雷达探测系统，设计开发探测天线系统）的硬件基础开始进行试验研究，有较长的周期，目前取得了一些初步的成果。通过多次泥炭地的雷达探测实验以及土壤层样本采集，经分析和研究可以确定，地下土壤的物理电参数与泥炭地地下结构和成分是紧密相关的，特别是与土壤层含水量、矿物质含量、土壤容重相关度较大，详细成果和结论待总结发表。预期相关的研究结果和结论对大范围高效探测泥炭地设备和相关技术可提供建设性意见。