船舶陆基精密定位关键技术研究

The growing demand for maritime safety requires precise positioning of ship navigation，especially for meeting the ship land-based precise positioning requirements of e-navigation strategy. However, existing navigation technology is difficult to accomplish the mission. On this background, based on AIS positioning, we propose this program that lucubrate problems on synchronization of atomic clock of shore station reference and system time, precise receiver positioning under less reference station condition and receiver autonomous integrity monitoring on lack of redundancy, by means of improving navigation system timing and synchronizing precision. We are focus to overcome a few theory puzzles and technology challenges on real-time clock error precise prediction and adaptive data processing, accurate synchronization between shore station time and frequency standard and system time, precise prediction of ship receiver clock error in real time ,and receiver integrity information acquirement under no redundancy condition. By solving these problems, a new system is established which realize ship precise positioning in coastal waters and receiver autonomous integrity monitoring.

本项目针对电子航海战略中对船舶陆基精密定位的要求，在AIS定位基础上，以提高系统授时与同步精度为突破口，对岸站频标与系统时精密同步、少参考站情况下接收机精密定位和冗余度不足条件下接收机自主完好性监测进行深入研究，重点攻克实时精密卫星钟差预报与自适应数据处理、岸站时频标准精确同步、船站接收机钟差实时精密预报和欠冗余度条件下接收机完好性信息获取这几个关键问题中的理论和技术难题,最终实现船舶在近海的精密定位及其接收机自主完好性监测。

在日益增长的航运需求和电子航海背景下，本项目针对陆基船舶定位系统对于精度、鲁棒性及安全性方面存在的问题和提出的需求，以自动船舶识别定位系统为基础，重点对测距信号的高精度同步、多源信息融合定位和接收机信号感知监测进行了深入研究，取得了预期研究成果。为实现的高精度同步，对复杂海况下信号传播特性研究进行了研究，给出不同条件下甚高频信号的附加二次相位因子；提出基于自适应冗余字典的信号稀疏表示方法，可有效提升信号处理效率，保证系统实时性；为实现多源信息融合，提出基于经验模式分解和随机向量函数连接网络的鲁棒组合导航算法，满足系统对精确性、连续性、稳定性和可靠性等导航性能的要求；为实现有效的信号监测，提出了一种基于最优权相关值的最大比例组合算法，保证较低信噪比环境下较高的检出率；提出改进自适应静默算法，有效解决了时变信道引起的衰落对检测的影响。本研究为陆基无线定位系统设计和部署提供了理论支撑和技术保证，对海上无线通信系统研发也有一定的理论意义和应用价值。