砾岩结构-成因分类、沉积成岩机理及其岩石物性响应模型

In recent years, with the gradual improvement of the hydrocarbon exploration and development technology, as well as the strategic needs of oil and gas resources, the conglomerate reservoirs are gradually brought to the attention of the scientists throughout the world, which has contributed a certain volume of oil and gas resources. This project intends to combined modern and ancient sedimentation to systematically study classification, deposition, diagenesis, petrophysics of the conglomerates. We are primarily focuses on the following four issues: ① flow mechanism of transportation medium and conglomerate transport-depositional processes; ②mechanism of diagenesis and evolution regularity of conglomerates; ③ relationship between conglomerate textures and the sedimentary genetic respones, as well as their classification scheme; ④ quantitative models of the pore structure and permeability. This study aims to solve the three key issues: ① dynamic mechanisms of transportation-deposition patterns of different grain-size conglomerates; ② response relationship between the conglomerate with different textures and their sedimentary-genesis; ③ genetic mechanisms of the microscopic pores structure of conglomerate with different supporting patterns. Eventually clarify the dynamic mechanisms of conglomerate transportation and deposition, propose the operational textural-genetic classification scheme, define the main diagenetic mechanisms of different conglomerates, clear the response relationship between pore structure characteristics and petrophysics of different genetic conglomerates, establish pore structure model and well logging interpretation models, provide geological theoretical basis for evaluating favorable reservoir facies of conglomerates, enrich and develop the theory of conglomerate sedimentology.

近年来，随着勘探开发技术的逐步提高，以及对油气资源的战略需要，砾岩油气藏在世界范围内正在逐步受到人们的重视，且形成了一定的油气资源规模。本项目拟现代沉积与古代沉积相结合，系统开展砾岩分类、沉积、成岩、物性等多方面研究，重点研究有四项：①搬运介质的流动机制与砾岩沉积搬运过程；②不同砾岩的成岩作用机理与演化规律；③砾岩结构与沉积成因的响应关系及其分类方案；④砾岩的孔隙结构与渗透率的定量模型。从而解决三个关键问题：①不同粒径砾岩搬运与堆积方式的动力学机制；②不同结构砾岩与其沉积成岩成因的响应关系；③不同支撑形式砾岩微观孔隙结构的成因机理。最终明确砾岩搬运与堆积方式的动力学机制，提出可操作的结构-成因分类方案；明晰不同砾岩的主要成岩机理，理清不同成因砾岩的孔隙结构特征与岩石物性响应关系，建立相应的孔隙结构模型，为砾岩有利储集相带评价提供地质理论依据，丰富并发展砾岩沉积学的相关理论。

近年来，随着勘探开发技术的逐步提高，以及对油气资源的战略需要，砾岩油气藏在世界范围内正在逐步受到人们的重视，且形成了一定的油气资源规模。本项目通过将沉积模拟实验、野外实测和井震结合相结合的研究手段针对砾岩砂体的成因，展布和动力机制进行研究。其中①理清了搬运介质的流动机制与砾岩沉积搬运过程，设计出反映水体震荡环境的研究设备，通过震荡实验明确了粗粒沉积中过程中反粒序沉积出现的原因；②明确了不同砾岩的成岩作用机理与演化规律，以新疆准噶尔盆地新疆油田玛湖地区的井震资料为基础进行砾石质储层的沉积成岩机理的研究；③开展了砾岩结构与沉积成因的响应关系及其分类方案，进行岱海湖和南天山砾石质沉积体的野外考察，建立了对应的沉积模式；本项目研究以砾岩搬运与堆积方式的动力学机制为基础，提出了可操作的结构-成因分类方案；明晰了不同砾岩的主要成岩机理，理清了不同成因砾岩的孔隙结构特征与岩石物性响应关系，建立相应的孔隙结构的测井解释模型，通过与生产资料相结合，提出了一套完整研究砾岩油气藏的思路和方法。