In recent years, carbonylation of sp3 C-H bonds has drawn much attention in organic synthesis, it directly uses the most basic sp3 C-H bond to construct CO–X bond, saves the reaction steps and improves the reaction efficiency. It will be a very challenging topic if this strategy is applied to the heterocycles synthesis. This program is going to develop: 1) Synthesis of heterocycles via alkane sp3 C-H bond activation/carbonylation reaction. By selecting the appropriate directing group (also used as nucleophilic group) chelation with transition-metal catalyst, thereby activating sp3 C-H bond and then CO insertion to form heterocycles; 2) Heterocycles synthesis through allylic sp3 C-H bond activation/carbonylation reaction. By chosing relatively active allylic sp3 C-H bond, homolytic cleavage of allylic sp3 C-H bond, and the free radical produced chelation with transition-metal catalyst, followed by CO insertion, then nucleophilic attract to provide heterocycles; 3) Base on the above reactions, synthesis of heterocycles via alkenes and alkynes involved sp3 C-H bonds activation/carbonylation reaction; 4) Finally try to capture the reaction intermediates to clarify the reaction mechanism.
近年来,基于sp3 C-H键活化的羰基化反应利用分子内最基本的sp3 C-H键来构筑CO-X键,节约了反应步骤,提高了反应效率,得到了人们极大的关注。如果将这一策略应用到杂环的合成中,将是一项十分具有挑战性的课题。本项目拟完成:1)烷烃sp3 C-H键活化/羰基化合成杂环。通过选用合适的导向基团(同时又做亲核基团)与过渡金属催化剂配合,从而活化sp3 C-H键,随后CO插入并亲核基团进攻形成杂环化合物;2)烯丙基sp3 C-H键活化/羰基化合成杂环。在适当的条件下使烯丙基sp3 C-H键发生均裂,产生的自由基与过渡金属催化剂配合,随后CO插入,再与分子内预设的亲核基团反应生成杂环化合物;3)在上述反应的基础上,开展烯烃及炔烃参与的烷烃sp3 C-H键活化/羰基化合成杂环的研究;4)最后尝试捕获反应中间体,阐明反应机理。
基于sp3 C-H键活化的羰基化反应利用分子内最基本的sp3 C-H键来构筑CO-X键,得到了人们极大的关注,在学术界和工业界有着广泛的应用。本项目开展了烷烃及烯丙基sp3 C-H键活化/羰基化合成杂环的反应。我们尝试了多种反应条件,包括催化剂、配体、碱等。同时,也选用了不同的导向基团(同时又做亲核试剂)与过渡金属催化剂配合来活化sp3 C-H键并CO插入。但是,没有得到目标产物。随后,针对CO气体易燃、毒性强、难以控制等缺点,我们成功的开展了一系列基于替代羰源的羰基化反应,合成了多种含羰基化合物及杂环化合物,并取得了如下几方面成果:1)以甲酸为羰源的钯催化羰基化反应;2)新型羰源的开发及应用:开展了钯催化及硒催化的以TFBen为羰源的羰基化反应;设计合成了新型羰源1-芳基乙烯基甲酸酯,并将其成功的应用到钯催化羰基化合成查尔酮的反应中;发展了以甲酸苄酯为羰源及反应底物的钯催化羰基化反应;3)钯催化及镍催化的以Mo(CO)6为固体羰源的羰基化反应。在本项目支持下,相关研究在J. Catal., Org. Lett., Org. Chem. Front.等国际著名期刊上发表10余篇研究论文。本项目的成功将进一步推进基于替代羰源的羰基化反应的发展和应用。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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