考虑RC框架结构劣化、加固与更新的多时空区域建筑抗震韧性模拟研究

Regional building seismic resilience simulation can assist in improving urban seismic resistance and reduce the time to recovery after an earthquake event, which is of great significance. However, current simulation methods cannot well consider the effects of structural deterioration, retrofitting and renewal on the seismic resistance of regional buildings in the time domain and a multiple time-space regional seismic resilience simulation method is required. Therefore, the multiple time-space simulation method, parameter determination method, resilience assessment method and visualization method are studied for RC frame structures. Firstly, the regional building model considering the effects of different design specifications and simulation methods for structural deterioration, retrofitting and renewal are studied, which can more reasonably consider the time dependent effects of regional building seismic resistance; Secondly, the parameter determination method for the multiple time-space simulation is studied. Based on design specifications and experimental and numerical simulation results, the seismic resistance of deteriorated, retrofitted and renewed regional building can be reliably considered; Finally, the multiple time-space regional building seismic resilience assessment method and results visualization method are studied to serve scheme comparison and dynamic results visualization. The outcomes of this project are expected to serve a more reasonable and reliable regional building seismic resilience simulation, which can assist retrofitting and renewal scheme comparison, provide a good reference for urban earthquake disaster prevention planning and decision making.

区域建筑抗震韧性模拟有助于提升城市抗震能力与震后快速恢复能力，具有重要的研究意义。然而目前的模拟方法皆无法较好考虑时间维度上结构劣化、加固与更新对建筑抗震性能的影响，需要提出多时空的模拟方法。因此本项目以RC框架结构为研究对象，针对多时空模拟的计算模型、参数确定方法、韧性评估与结果展示方法等问题，首先提出考虑多规范影响的区域建筑计算模型以及劣化、加固更新模拟方法，从而更为合理地考虑区域建筑抗震能力的时变效应；其次，提出多时空计算模型的参数确定方法。借助于规范以及大量试验和模拟数据，合理可靠地把握劣化、加固与更新对建筑抗震能力的影响；最后，提出多时空的区域建筑抗震韧性评估方法与结果展示方法。模拟区域建筑抗震韧性演变规律，服务不同加固更新策略比选，动态、直观地展现韧性评估结果。本项目的成果将服务于更为合理可靠的区域建筑抗震韧性模拟，实现加固更新策略比选，为抗震防灾规划，政策制定提供有利参考。

区域建筑震害模拟与抗震韧性模拟有助于提升城市抗震能力与震后快速恢复能力，具有重要的研究意义。本项目围绕区域建筑震害模拟与抗震韧性评估问题，（1）提出了城市区域建筑震害模拟的多详细度模拟框架。基于该框架可根据实际分析场景多源数据的详细程度、分析精度需求、计算能力情况以及分析时效要求，灵活选择合适的详细度层级模拟方法开展分析；（2）提出了基于弹塑性时程分析的区域建筑抗震韧性评估方法。其中包含基于概率的建筑剩余功能计算方法，该方法不但可用于区域震后剩余功能计算，同时也可应用于单体建筑。提出了两种恢复优先级评价指标，可实现有限恢复资源的充分利用，服务区域建筑震后快速恢复；（3）建立了基于构件本构模型的锈蚀钢筋混凝土结构抗震性能模拟方法与区域锈蚀RC框架结构震害模拟方法。该方法可用于受氯离子侵蚀影响的城市区域建筑震害模拟，为滨海城市建筑地震风险管理和评估提供参考；（4）提出了一种基于无人机平台与计算机视觉的震后建筑倒塌识别方法，该方法针对低空无人机拍摄的多视角倾斜摄影图像进行处理，可以快速评估区域建筑倒塌比例；（5）提出了一种基于机器学习方法的建筑地震响应快速预测方法。该方法采用卷积神经网络，计算效率相比弹塑性时程分析方法提升650余倍。