中国海岸风蚀地貌的发育与演变

Based on the multiple research methods including comprehensive survey, typical investigation, remote sensing monitoring, field measurement, wind-sand observation, laboratory experiments, data analysis and numerical simulation, the coastal wind-eroded landforms in China will be researched. This project is aimed to find out the types and their distribution features of coastal wind-eroded landforms in China, investigate their morphology and change characteristics, probe into the interaction essence between the morphological changes and the airflow and wind-sand flux of typical coastal wind-eroded landforms, and explore the model and laws of formation and evolution of coastal wind-eroded landforms in China. This will be the first comprehensive research on the coastal wind-eroded landforms in China, which has the distinguishing feature of systematic and actual field measurement and observation study, will lead subject and fill gaps in the study of Aeolian landforms in China. There would be some breakthrough at the judgment of the coastal wind-eroded niche (or wind pit) and their classification, and the identification of the main control factors for different temporal and spatial changes of the main coastal wind-eroded landforms in China. It is an important work to improve coastal Aeolian landform research in China. This project will make important intention to improve the research level of coastal Aeolian landforms in China, which has very important scientific and practice significance.

通过对我国海岸风蚀地貌的全面踏勘、典型调查、遥感监测、实地测量、风沙观测、室内实验、数据分析与数值模拟等，查明我国海岸风蚀地貌的类型与分布，明确不同海岸风蚀地貌的形态及变化特征，探讨典型海岸风蚀地貌形态变化与气流相互作用机理，研究我国海岸风蚀地貌的发育过程与演变模式。该研究将是对我国海岸风蚀地貌的首次全面、系统研究，具有学科前沿、填补空白、系统与实测研究的特点，并将在海岸风蚀穴判定及其分类指征、主要海岸风蚀地貌形态不同时空尺度变化的主控因素辨识等方面取得具有一定突破性的进展，是完善我国海岸风沙地貌内容体系的一项重要工作，对提高我国海岸风沙地貌的整体研究水平将产生重要作用，具有重要的科学意义与实践价值。

项目基于我国主要海岸风蚀地貌分布区域的实地考察，选择福建平潭岛为研究区域进行以风蚀坑为代表的海岸风蚀地貌典型研究，分别在风蚀坑形态典型的平潭岛三个地点设立了8个海岸风蚀坑野外观测样区，设置有高精度形态测量点位2685个和风蚀坑表层粒度样品采集点位88个，通过7次样区风蚀坑形态测量点的高精度测量、1次风蚀坑表层粒度样品采集分析和2次野外风沙观测，获得了18795个风蚀坑高精度测量数据、88个点位的海岸风蚀坑表层粒度数据和2次典型风蚀坑不同部位的风沙流观测数据等。基于收集资料、野外调查与观测数据，对我国海岸风蚀地貌主要类型分布及其影响因素、海岸风蚀坑形态变化、海岸风蚀坑形态动力学机制与演化模式等进行了较为深入的研究，已发表研究论文9篇并参与1本英文专著中中国海岸风沙地貌专章内容的编写，包括国际著名地学期刊“Earth Surface Process and Landforms”1篇，相关专著《海岸沙地》也正在编撰之中，同时参加国内专业学术会议2次，并培养毕业博士研究生1名、硕士研究生2名，这些研究一定程度上弥补了我国海岸风沙地貌中风蚀地貌研究之不足，对丰富和完善我国海岸风沙地貌的研究内容与学科体系具有较为重要的作用，总体而言项目计划执行情况良好，已较好完成项目预期任务和达到了项目研究目标。