“三软”煤层煤与瓦斯突出预警系统控制机制研究

Coal and gas outburst disaster has been the first disaster in coal mines. So far, mechanism of coal and gas outburst and control mechanism of gas disaster early-warning system were not grasped by people. These lead to that existing early-warning system can’t run effectively. Theoretical analysis, software fitting, numerical simulation and field observation were used to research on control mechanism of coal and gas outburst disaster early-warning system in soft roof-floor seam. Control mechanism is composed of change rule of gas parameters, comprehensive model of coal and gas outburst disaster and change of gas parameters, operating mechanism and monitoring mechanism of early-warning system. It is very significant to academic value and realistic meaning. After this project is finished, some useful conclusions would be drawn out. Change rules of gas parameters and abutment pressure can be ascertained with the advancement of panel in soft roof-floor seam. Comprehensive relationship between gas emission quantity and all parameters can be built up. Comprehensive models of coal and gas outburst with change of all parameters can be set up. Dynamic evaluation model based on rough set and support vector machine, which is used to evaluate risk of coal and gas outburst disaster, will be put forward. Operating mechanism and monitoring mechanism of gas disaster early-warning system will be ensured. All these research conclusions will be useful to working of gas disaster early-warning system in theory and model. It helps to reduce gas accidents in coal mines.

煤与瓦斯突出已经成为煤矿重大灾害之首。到目前为止，煤与瓦斯突出机理和瓦斯灾害预警系统的控制机制尚不完全清楚，从而导致现有的预警系统不能有效运行。因此，运用理论分析、软件拟合、数值模拟、实验室模拟和现场观测等方法，对“三软”煤层瓦斯参数的变化规律、煤与瓦斯突出与各参数变化之间的综合模型以及预警系统的控制机制进行深入研究，具有重要的理论价值和重大的现实意义。通过对本项目的研究，以期得出“三软”煤层工作面推进过程中，瓦斯参数、支承压力等参数的定量化的变化规律，瓦斯涌出量与各参数之间的综合关系，煤与瓦斯突出和各参数变化之间的综合模型，煤与瓦斯突出灾害风险评价的基于粗糙集、支持向量机的动态评价模型，灾害预警系统的运行机制和监控机制等，从而为煤矿煤与瓦斯突出灾害预警系统的有效运行提供理论和模型支撑，以便有效地减少瓦斯事故的发生，提高煤矿生产的安全性。

煤与瓦斯突出已经成为煤矿重大灾害之首。到目前为止，煤与瓦斯突出机理和瓦斯灾害预警系统的控制机制尚不完全清楚，从而导致现有的预警系统不能有效运行。因此，运用理论分析、软件拟合、数值模拟、实验室模拟和现场观测等方法，对“三软”煤层瓦斯参数的变化规律、煤与瓦斯突出与各参数变化之间的综合模型以及预警系统的控制机制进行深入研究，具有重要的理论价值和重大的现实意义。.测定了实验矿井—告成矿二1煤层顶底板岩石的物理力学性质、二1煤物理力学性质、化学性质、工艺性能，二1煤层的瓦斯参数、煤的宏观和微观结构特征，对单颗粒煤样的孔隙结构、煤颗粒间的接触形式、单颗粒煤堆积和混合粒径煤颗粒堆积进行了抽象化处理，得到了相应松散煤体的瓦斯储存和运移空间的几何模型。.通过对告成矿不同粒度煤样的等温吸附解吸实验，分析了“三软”煤层瓦斯吸附和解吸特征，确定了“三软”煤层不同温度不同粒径条件下的临界解吸压力。.通过岩石力学实验系统和瓦斯瞬时解吸及渗流特性测试系统，研究了“三软”煤层物理力学性质及其对渗透性特征的影响，并采用ABAQUS有限元软件对巷道掘进过程中围岩应力-瓦斯渗流耦合进行了数值模拟，分析了埋深、瓦斯压力、侧压系数对“三软”煤层渗透性特征的影响。.通过对矿井进行瓦斯地质调查，得出了矿井瓦斯赋存规律，理论分析构建了埋藏深度与瓦斯含量的定量关系。分析并构建了煤层瓦斯流动方程，揭示了煤与瓦斯突出演化机理。.通过数值模拟研究了“三软”煤层煤与瓦斯突出的致灾机制，提出了“类流体区”的概念，认为该区域是煤层瓦斯灾害发生的重点区域，并给出了探测“类流体区”位置的最小验证距离不能低于5m。.构建了“三软”煤层煤与瓦斯突出风险评估指标体系和基于Rough集和可拓理论的突出风险评估模型；提出了煤矿瓦斯灾害预警管理系统的运转模式、运行机制和监控机制。.通过对本项目的研究，可以煤矿煤与瓦斯突出灾害预警系统的有效运行提供理论和模型支撑，以便有效地减少瓦斯事故的发生，提高煤矿生产的安全性。