新中国城乡规划理论思潮演变的响应关系研究——中西方比较研究途径

This topic is the further study of the NSFC project--"History and Development of Urban Planning in New China". It begins with in-depth research on the trace of planning thoughts in New China, organizing the typical theories & thoughts, and analyzing the origin, inheritance and transformation. By comparative study of multiple western and eastern countries, the focus is studying social, economy, and urban development prerequisites of the typical thoughts, which were induced and transformed in the origin countries. The objective is to conclude the general rule, to recognize the suitable conditions, and to lay the foundation for future choices of theories and innovation. The focus of study is three kinds of response relationships: 1) the response relationship between China and foreign theories & thoughts; 2) the response relationship between local practice and theories & thoughts in China; 3)the response relationship between prototype of theories & thoughts and practical backgrounds in western countries. Through the synthesizing and comparison of the three relationships, the topic is going to construct the theoretical study methods, which are tightly interrelated with practice, and the framework of rules and relations. The research result will be applied to: comprehensively understand the essential context of planning development of New China; deeply probe the inherent laws of evolution of theories;and technically support the innovation planning of new urbanization. It is the first time to apply empirical research methods in studies of planning theories, and the first time to set up the universal development laws of theories. The topic possesses both basic and practical features.

课题是自然科学基金项目"新中国城市规划发展史"研究的持续深入，将从深入剖析新中国规划的思想轨迹入手，梳理具有代表意义的典型理论思潮，分析其起源、传承和转变；通过中西方多国比较的途径，着重研究其原型思想在不同国家各自兴起及转型时段的社会、经济、城市发展等实践基底条件，总结一般规律，识别适用条件，从而对未来理论选择和创新奠定基础。 课题重点研究三种响应关系：1）中外规划理论思潮之间的响应关系；2)中国采用的理论思潮对本土实践的响应关系；3)理论思想原型对西方各国实践背景的响应关系，通过对三种关系综合、对比，构建与实践紧密关联的理论研究方法和规律关系框架，其成果将用以：更全面地认识新中国规划发展的深层次脉络；探索理论演变的内在规律；对新型城镇化的规划创新提供科技支撑。本研究将首次在规划理论研究中建立实践导向的实证性途径；首次通过同尺度的国际间对比建立普遍性的理论发展规律，兼具基础性与实用性特征。

本项目是邹德慈院士主持的国家自然科学基金项目“新中国城市规划发展史(1949-2009)”（批准号：50978236，已结题）的后续研究，从深入剖析新中国规划的思想轨迹入手，梳理具有代表意义的典型理论思潮，分析其起源、传承和转变；通过中西方多国比较的途径，着重研究其原型思想在不同国家各自兴起及转型时段的社会、经济、城市发展等实践基底条件，总结一般规律，识别适用条件，从而对未来理论选择和创新奠定基础。本课题重点研究了三种响应关系：1）中外规划理论思潮之间的响应关系；2)中国采用的理论思潮对本土实践的响应关系；3)理论思想原型对西方各国实践背景的响应关系，通过对三种关系综合、对比，构建与实践紧密关联的理论研究方法和规律关系框架，其成果将用以：更全面地认识新中国规划发展的深层次脉络；探索理论演变的内在规律；对新型城镇化的规划创新提供科技支撑。本研究首次在规划理论研究中建立实践导向的实证性途径，通过同尺度的国际间对比建立普遍性的理论发展规律，兼具基础性与实用性特征。研究表明，现代城市规划理论思潮的衍生和发展不是一个完整的认识深化过程，往往具有较强的主观性和外延拓展的随意性，从时间长轴上看，规划理论思潮关注对象的偏移并不代表某种规划思想的湮灭，而是可能是另辟天地，自成机杼；从认识差异上看（如对比美—法—前苏联的城市规划实践），由于城市规划的外部效应通常是正面和负面叠加的，在同样的技术背景和社会经济水平上，不同政治力量会选择不同的城市发展对策，然而在其实施效果的评价上通常是莫衷一是的，这导致了理论研究的热点问题最终可能服从于政治力量的选票箱，并不能真正成为公共政策实施的指南。