微波催化剂低温微波催化高效分解NO脱硝的微波催化效应及其作用机理

High effective catalytic removal of nitrogen oxides and eliminate its pollution is one of the most project for environmental protection, and this is also research highlight in the catalysis field. This project aim at the problem of removal of nitrogen oxides by catalysis, a new type of microwave catalyst will be designed and developed, and a new ideal of decreasing activation energy by the microwave catalytic reaction for high effective removal of nitrogen oxides at low temperature using new microwave catalyst has been proposed. Using Cu-molecular sieves as active compose of catalyst, adding metal oxides with strong microwave adsorbing property was used to adjust the microwave adsorbing property of the catalyst, a new type of microwave catalyst with good microwave adsorbing property and speeding up microwave catalytic reaction rate will be prepared. Using microwave catalysis to decrease reaction activation energy, Utilizing interaction of microwave catalyst with microwave to adsorb microwave energy and microwave catalysis of microwave catalyst with microwave to speed up microwave catalytic reaction rate at several thousands times and/or so much as ten thousands times under microwave irradiation, and high effective removal of nitrogen oxides at low temperature and eliminate pollution of NOx will be come true. Through a series of microwave catalytic reaction experiments for direct decomposition of nitrogen monoxide and XRD、TEM、XPS、FT-IR et.al. characterization analysis technology, the interaction rules and matching relationship of microwave catalyst and microwave will be verified and obtained. The experiments of microwave catalytic direct decomposition of nitrogen monoxide was used to test the performance of these microwave catalysts, and evaluate these microwave catalysts. Experiments data and results will be obtained. Intrinsic kinetics equations will be established from the reaction experiments data and results, and the activation energy Ea value could be calculated using reaction Intrinsic kinetics equations; and comparing reaction experiments under conventional heating will be carried out at same time, so microwave catalytic effect will be demonstrated and revealed, and microwave catalysis and its mechanism will be elucidated and revealed，and microwave selective effect will be found and uncovered. New concept of microwave catalyst will be put forward and elucidated. New technology and rule of microwave catalytic reaction matching with the microwave catalyst will be obtained, and a basis of microwave catalysis will be established. It will open a new field of microwave catalytic reaction and catalytic reaction engineering.

高效催化脱除氮氧化物消除其污染是大气环境保护最重要课题之一，也是催化领域研究热点。本项目针对催化转化脱硝难题，提出微波催化剂利用微波催化降低反应活化能低温高效直接分解NO脱硝新思路。以铜-分子筛为活性组分，添加介电性能优异的金属氧化物调控催化剂吸收微波性能，研制出吸收微波并与微波作用的新型微波催化剂；利用微波作用可极大降低反应活化能，可数千倍至数万倍的加快分解NO反应速度，实现微波催化低温高效脱硝。通过系统的微波催化分解NO反应实验和XRD、TEM、XPS、FT-IR等表征分析探明微波催化剂与微波匹配关系和相互作用规律；实验评价微波催化剂性能；获取微波催化直接分解NO反应数据和结果，建立本征动力学方程，计算出Ea值并与常规催化对比实验，揭示和阐明微波催化效应；探明微波作用机理，发现和揭示微波选择效应，提出和阐明微波催化剂概念，获得微波催化剂和微波作用匹配的规律和认识，奠定微波催化作用基础。

尽管使用微波辅助或微波加热来加速化学反应研究已成为研究热点，但是迄今为止仍然没有认识清楚微波作用于化学反应的本质。本项目围绕催化转化NO深度脱硝、直接分解硫化氢制氢气和硫磺及高效氧化降解难处理的有机废水等能源环境领域热点研究难题，系统深入地开展了微波外场作用下绿色催化反应的研究。.针对催化转化NO脱硝难题，提出微波辐照微波催化剂低温高效直接分解NO脱硝新思路。以铜-分子筛为活性组分，添加介电性能优异的金属氧化物调控其吸收微波性能，研制出吸收微波并与微波作用的新型微波催化剂；利用微波作用可极大降低反应活化能，可数千倍至数万倍的加快分解NO反应速度，实现微波催化低温高效脱硝。通过系统的微波催化分解NO反应实验和XRD、TEM、XPS、FT-IR等表征分析探明微波催化剂与微波匹配关系和相互作用规律；获取了微波催化直接分解NO大量数据和结果，依据本征动力学方程计算出Ea值，并与常规催化对比，揭示和阐明了微波催化效应；进而探明微波作用机理，发现和揭示了微波选择效应，提出和阐明微波催化剂概念，获得微波催化剂和微波作用匹配的规律和认识，奠定微波催化作用基础。研制了尖晶石型MgCo2O4与BaCO3复合微波催化剂和钙钛矿型及类钙钛矿型A2BO4微波催化剂，发现在微波辐照下可大大降低反应活化能，利用微波催化作用实现了高效直接分解NO。尖晶石型组成的复合微波催化剂可高效直接分解NO，其NO脱除率高达99%。进一步揭示和阐明了微波催化效应。进而开展了微波辐照直接分解H2S的微波催化剂研制及微波催化分解H2S实验，揭示和阐明了微波催化效应；发现和揭示了微波选择催化作用。开展了微波辐照下催化氧化降解难处理的有机废水实验与研究，开创了降解有机废水的新途径。.开辟了微波催化新方向。发现了微波辐照是加速化学反应的新动力、揭示和阐明了微波催化效应、发现和揭示了微波选择催化效应。为高效深度脱硝、H2S废气高值化转化、绿色高效降解难降解的有机废水提供了新途径，奠定了微波催化反应的应用基础。