兼具强鲁棒性和感知特征的磁谐振式无线能量路由基础理论研究

Focusing on the hottest research area in the electrical engineering field, this project will propose the concept of the magnetically coupled resonant (MCR) wireless energy router (Wi E-Router) to meet the requirements of high efficiency and high reliability for multiple loads in regional wireless power transfer (WPT) system within medium-to-long range. Considering the distinctive characteristics of multiple loads in regional WPT system, i.e., variable spatial scales, multiple cross-coupling, and multiple dynamic behaviors, this project will focus on the fundamental theories of system modeling, system architecture and control strategies to enable the Wi E-Router to realize high robustness against spatial scales and sensing capability to different loads. The main researches and innovations are listed as follows, 1) building the system models under variable spatial scales from different perspectives to reveal the variation tendency of transfer characteristics and inherent mechanism of cross-coupling; 2) proposing novel multi-phase and multi-dimension coil architectures and driver topologies, along with the multi-frequency magnitude/phase angle modulation schemes, to achieve strong robustness against spatial scales for Wi E-Router; 3) proposing the decoupling algorithm for multi-frequency power components and energy routing strategies to implement load recognition and power distribution for Wi E-Router. The research results of this project will tackle the bottleneck in the application of multi-load MCR WPT systems, and provide an effective instruction and solution for the similar issues of other WPT techniques.

本项目面向区域型无线电能传输（Wireless Power Transfer, WPT）系统多负载的中远程高效稳定供电需求，提出磁谐振式无线能量路由（Wireless Energy Router, Wi E-Router）概念。基于系统“多空间尺度”、“多交叉耦合”和“多动态行为”特征，围绕系统建模、拓扑结构和控制策略三方面探索实现Wi E-Router强鲁棒性和感知特征的新颖理论与方法。研究内容和创新点如下：（1）多角度建模揭示变空间尺度下Wi E-Router传输特性规律和线圈交叉耦合机理；（2）提出多维/多相线圈（拓扑）结构和多频幅值/相角控制方法实现Wi E-Router强鲁棒性；（3）提出多频功率分量解耦方法和能量路由策略实现Wi E-Router负载感知和功率分配。本项目研究成果将解决多负载MCR WPT系统应用的关键技术瓶颈，并为解决其它WPT技术的共性科学问题提供理论支撑。

无线电能传输（Wireless Power Transfer, WPT）是一种新型输电方式，能够显著提高能量供给的空间自由度，从而为多个用电设备同时供电成为可能。在多负载设备应用场合，随着更多不同电气特性负载的加入，使得电能的流动和控制变得更加复杂，而传统的“一对一”供电模式难以胜任这种复杂的要求。为此，本项目面向区域型WPT系统中多负载中远程高效稳定供电需求，提出磁谐振式无线能量路由（Wireless Energy Router, Wi E-Router）概念。基于系统“多空间尺度”、“多交叉耦合”和“多动态行为”特征，围绕系统建模、拓扑结构和控制策略三方面探索实现Wi E-Router强鲁棒性和感知特征的新颖理论与方法。具体研究内容和创新点如下：（1）面向单源多载和多源多载场景，提出了多种Wi E-Router架构与拓扑，基于磁场模型和等效电路模型，重点揭示了变空间尺度下Wi E-Router的传输特性规律和线圈交叉耦合机理，通过引入辅助解耦线圈、超材料屏蔽线圈和串并联阻抗网络，实现了多频功率分量的交叉解耦；（2）提出了多频/多维/多相线圈（拓扑）结构实现Wi E-Router在变空间尺度下的强鲁棒性，在此基础上，进一步提出基于空间全向磁场与系统优化的多频幅值/相角控制方法和参数设计策略，优化了系统传输功率波动范围和激励电源软开关条件，提升了系统综合效能；（3）为实现负载的精确辨识，引入多种频率分量以对应不同负载，引入多个频带以满足不同工业标准和功率需求，相应提出了多频脉宽调制策略和基于高效率的收发线圈频率设计方法。在此基础上，从频率调谐、能量解耦和阻抗匹配三方面提出了一系列能量路由策略，实现了负载的定额功率分配。本项目研究成果将为国内外学术界提供MCR WPT系统研究方法的新思路，突破多负载MCR WPT在实际应用中的瓶颈，同时为解决其它WPT技术的共性科学问题提供有力技术储备和理论支撑。