基于界面调控策略的高性能电化学生物传感研究

The application of functional nanomaterials, DNA nanotechnology and biosensing interface regulation to construct excellent performance sensors have become one of the developing frontiers in the field of electrochemical biosensing. In this project, functional nanomaterials with array, core-shell and vesicle morphologies are prepared based on the regulation of hydrophilic/hydrophobic forces, DNA topological structures and thermal initiation strategies. And electrochemical biosensors based on the functional nanomaterials were fabricated. The relationship among the functional nanomaterial regulation, interface-recognition reaction, and thermal initiating reagents and conditions with the biosensor performances are investigated. Novel methods for functional nanomaterrials synthesis and the detection of thromboplastic factors and protein kinase activities are proposed. Electrochemical biosensing based on novel super G-quadruplex and “DNA nanomotor” was also investigated in this project. The relationship among the super G-quadruplex and the nanostructural changes during the biosensing process, DNA nanomotor operating mechanism, and interface-recognition reaction with the biosensor performances are demonstrated. Novel methods for novel biosensing interfaces construction and high-efficiency recycling detection of anti-cancer drugs, eg.CX-3543, are also proposed. These researches not only provides new ideas for synthesis of functional nanomaterials and high-performances electrochemical biosensing interfaces, but also provide references for enzymatic activities evaluation and drug screening.

基于功能纳米材料和DNA纳米技术及传感界面调控等技术研发高性能传感器，已成为电化学传感研究的前沿方向之一。本项目基于亲疏水性作用力、DNA拓扑结构及热引发亲疏水性调控制备具有阵列、核壳和囊泡等特异形貌或结构功能纳米材料，构置基于上述功能纳米材料的电化学生物传感器，探索功能纳米材料调控、界面识别反应、热引发剂种类和引发条件与传感器响应性能间关系，建立功能纳米材料制备和检测凝血因子、蛋白激酶活性等的电化学生物传感新方法；开展基于新型超级G四链体及其调控DNA纳米马达的电化学生物传感研究，揭示超级G四链体DNA纳米结构及其传感识别过程中结构变化、DNA纳米马达运行机制和界面识别反应与传感器响应性能间关系，建立新型生物传感界面构建和高性能循环检测抗癌药物CX-3543等物质的电化学传感新方法。该研究为功能纳米材料合成和高性能电化学传感界面构建提供新思路，可为酶活性评价、药物筛选等相关研究提供参考。

基于功能性纳米材料和DNA纳米技术及传感界面调控等技术研发高性能传感器，已成为电化学传感研究的前沿方向之一。本项目基于亲疏水性作用力、DNA拓扑结构及热引发亲疏水性调控可控制备了碳纳米材料、金属纳米材料、金属氧化物纳米材料等六十余种功能性纳米复合材料，提出了纳米材料表面调控以及基于G-四链体构建新型传感界面的新方法；构置了55种基于纳米材料表面调控的电化学生物传感器和6种基于G-四链体DNA纳米结构的电化学生物传感器，开展了可控合成和表面调控功能性纳米材料、G-四链体DNA纳米结构、DNA纳米马达运行机制等研究；建立了功能纳米材料制备、DNA纳米结构设计的新方法以及高性能检测铅粒子、过氧化氢、多巴胺、肌钙蛋白、抗癌药物CX-3543等物质的电化学传感新方法。共完成研究论文61篇，其中已在《Journal of Materials Chemistry A》、《ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 》、《ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering》、《Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical》等SCI期刊发表论文52篇；国家发明专利授权4项。该研究为功能性纳米材料的合成和高性能电化学传感界面的构建提供了新思路，对酶活性评价、药物筛选等相关研究有重要科学意义。成果获得陕西省高等学校科学技术一等奖1项，培养青年教师2名、博士研究生8名、硕士研究生10名以上。