弹性圆柱壳体障板下声矢量圆阵相位模态域目标方位估计技术研究

Acoustic Vector sensor (AVS) has been used more and more in underwater acoustic measurement, weak signal detection and estimation. Most application is limited to a uniform linear array, and other vector sensor array form is little studied. Given the technical advantages of AVS and widespread application of circular array in the sonar system, the project carried out the research of direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation for circular acoustic Vector-Sensor Array mounted around a elastic cylindrical shell baffle, including robust broadband beamforming research and broadband coherent signal subspace DOA estimation technology research in phase modal space. The project also studied the affect of baffle parameters on the performance of the beamformer and DOA estimator. Using the combined information processing of pressure and particle velocity as the basis, the element space signal is transformed into the phase modal space to achieve coherent signal processing between pressure and particle velocity. Finally get methods of DOA estimation and the performance evaluation in phase modal space for circular acoustic Vector-Sensor Array mounted around the elastic cylindrical shell baffle. The research provides a theoretical basis for the circular acoustic Vector-Sensor Array system mounted around the elastic cylindrical shell baffle.

矢量水听器及基阵在水声测量、弱信号检测与估计等方面得到越来越来多的应用。从基阵形式来说，大多数应用还是局限于均匀线列阵，而对于其它矢量水听器基阵形式研究较少。鉴于矢量水听器的技术优势以及圆阵在声纳系统中的广泛应用，本项目开展弹性圆柱壳体障板下声矢量圆阵相位模态域目标方位估计技术研究，包括相位模态域低频宽带稳健波束形成研究、相位模态域宽带相干信号子空间高分辨方位估计技术研究，以及障板参数对波束形成器和方位估计器的性能的影响分析。本项目以性能稳健的声压和质点振速联合信息处理为基本出发点，将阵元域复杂的干涉场信号变换到相位模态域，在相位模态域实现了声压和质点振速的宽频带联合信息处理，最终得到弹性圆柱壳体障板下声矢量圆阵相位模态域目标方位估计方法及其性能评价方法，从而为基于声矢量圆阵的声纳系统提供理论基础。

本项目开展弹性圆柱壳体障板下声矢量圆阵相位模态域目标方位估计技术研究，取得了一系列的研究成果。开展了基于声强处理的相位模态域低频宽带常规波束形成方法研究，提出了一种适合于低频宽带信号的基于声强处理的波束形成方法，能够实现对低频宽带弱信号的稳健检测；开展了相位模态域宽带相干信号子空间高分辨方位估计方法研究，提出了基于特征值多阈值修正的声矢量圆阵信源数检测方法，同时提出了一种相位模态域宽带相干信号方位估计方法，能够实现对宽带相干信号的可靠检测与高分辨方位估计；开展了障板参数、矢量水听器距离障板距离对波束形成器与方位估计性能的影响研究，所得研究结果能够为声障板的优化设计提供理论支撑；通过水池实验和外场实验验证了理论研究结果的正确性。通过本项目的研究，完成了项目的预期研究目标，得到了较为系统的弹性圆柱壳体障板下声矢量圆阵相位模态域目标方位估计方法及其性能评价，为基于弹性圆柱壳体障板下声矢量圆阵的声纳系统提供理论基础。