接触带巷道非协调变形破坏机理及控制原理研究

Contact zone distributed widely with complex occurrence and contact type in underground mine. For the local deformation and collapse of contact zone tunnels with secondary shear stress caused by different rock bodies’ long-term non-compatible deformation after excavation, contact zone tunnel failure mechanism and control principles would be studied. Considering strain coordination and restraint stress on the contact surface of rock materials with different deformation characteristics in microscopic scales, macroscopic constitutive model and strength criterion of contact zone composite rock under nonconforming deformation would be established. On this basis, the dynamic process of contact rock from micro-cracks extending to overall instability under secondary shear stress environment caused by non-coordinated deformation would be analyzed, revealing the failure mechanism of contact zone tunnels. With new ideas for contact zone tunnel stability controlling based on ‘compatible deformation’, contact zone tunnel cooperative controlling method would be researched based on partial relief to non-blending support, solving non-compatible deformation and shear stress concentration problems of rock, to contain shear slipping extension of rock fracture. Through theoretical analysis, model testing and field validation, basic theory and engineering application system of deep contact zone tunnel stability control would be formed perfectly, which would effectively reduce safety hazard of the contact zone tunnel failure.

地下矿山接触带分布广且产状和接触方式复杂多变，针对接触带巷道开挖后不同岩体之间长期非协调变形产生次生剪应力并导致局部变形和垮塌，开展接触带巷道破坏机理及控制原理研究。考虑微观下具有不同变形特征的岩石材料在接触面上的应变协调及约束应力，结合三轴压缩试验和剪切试验，建立宏观下接触带复合岩体非协调变形下的本构模型和强度准则；以此为基础，分析接触带岩体非协调变形产生的次生剪应力环境下，微裂隙扩展至岩体整体失稳的动态过程，揭示接触带巷道的破坏机理；基于“协调变形”的接触带巷道稳定性控制新思路，研究基于局部卸压-非均匀过渡支护的接触带巷道协同控制方法，解决岩体的非协调变形及次生剪应力集中问题，遏制岩体裂隙的剪切滑移扩展；通过理论分析、模型试验和现场验证，形成完善的接触带巷道稳定性控制基础理论和工程应用体系，有效降低接触带巷道失稳的安全隐患。

地下矿山接触带分布广且产状和接触方式复杂多变，针对接触带巷道开挖后不同岩体之间长期非协调变形产生次生剪应力并导致局部变形和垮塌，开展了接触带巷道破坏机理及控制原理研究。从微观角度分析了不同接触角下具有不同变形特征的岩石材料在接触面上的应变协调及横向约束应力。推导了接触带复合岩体不同组分在界面处径向和环向的应力。构建了接触带复合岩体非协调变形下的本构模型和强度模型。分析出接触带巷道的破坏主要呈现出沿原生节理裂隙的局部冒落和沿接触带的剪切破坏，接触带巷道在空间上和时间上均呈现非协调变形特征。定量直观表征了接触带巷道剪应力分布特征，推导了接触带附近围岩塑性松动范围估算公式。建立了单个裂隙的扩展判据，推导出单个裂隙的扩展方向及深度函数，探究了接触带巷道破坏机理。针对接触带巷道的非协调变形，提出了基于“协调变形”的接触带巷道稳定性控制思路，进而提出接触带巷道非对称和非均匀支护模式，有效降低了接触带巷道失稳的安全隐患，提高了矿山生产效率，为地下开采中接触带巷道的高效处理提供了基础理论和应用技术支撑。. 在国内外重要刊物发表论文44篇，其中SCI/EI检索论文12篇，SCI-1区2篇，SCI-2区1篇，SCI-3区1篇，EI-8篇。获授权国家发明专利6件。培养硕士研究生7名、博士研究生3名、青年教师3名。本项目部分成果已在宜昌肖家河磷矿、晒旗河磷矿和金山店铁矿进行了技术推广应用，3项专利技术与湖北省景深安全技术有限公司签订技术转让协议。