聚合物金属纳米复合材料电流体动力学复频打印机理研究

Currently the 3D printing of polymer metal composite material is a new research direction in the field of additive manufacturing. The electrohydrodynamics printing technology is a novel technology to fabricate the micro-nano composite structure and there devices, but the specific mechanism of the voltage-controled mode of the electrohydrodynamics printing is still not clear. This project develops a new printing method of polymer metal nanoparticle composites by the electrohydrodynamics printingbased complex frequency voltage approach, and will explore its application in the field of flexible sensors. Due to the complicated physical properties and multi-scale problems of nanocomposites, It is necessary to reveal the electrohydrodynamics of polymer metal composite materials on the multi-scale level. This project proposes a multiscale model with layered parameters passing based on the distribution function to find the constitutive relationship between the complex dielectric coefficient of composites and the complex frequency voltage from microscopie scale, and to establish the self-consistent field theory and the electrokinetic transport theory of polymer metal composite materials, and study the printing process and its inherent relation using 3D microscopic imaging system with situ observation function in-depth. The project involves the important scientific problems in the field of 3D printing. Research fundings not only can fill the blank of electrohydrodynamics of polymer metal composite materials, and provide theoretical and experimental basis for parameter optimization, control, and practical application of electrohydrodynamics printing, but also has the widespread application prospect in the 3D printing field of nanocomposites.

聚合物金属复合材料的3D打印是目前增材制造领域中新的研究方向。电流体动力学打印技术是一种可制备复合材料微纳结构与器件的新技术，但其电压控制模式的具体机理不清。本项目提出一种聚合物金属纳米颗粒复合材料电流体动力学复频打印方法，并探索其在柔性传感器件领域的应用。由于纳米复合材料存在多尺度问题和复杂的物理性质，需要从多尺度上揭示聚合物金属纳米复合材料的电流体动力学规律。本项目提出一种基于分布函数的分层参数传递的多尺度模型，从微观尺度上揭示复合材料复介电系数与复频电压之间的本质关系，并建立聚合物金属纳米复合材料的自洽场理论和电动传输理论；利用可实现原位观测的三维立体显微成像系统深入研究打印过程及其内在联系。本项目涉及3D打印领域的重要科学问题，研究成果不仅可填补复合材料电流体动力学理论的空白，为复合材料打印工艺参数的优化、控制和实际应用提供理论和实验依据，而且也具有普遍应用前景。

电流体动力学打印是一种可制备复合微纳结构与器件的新技术，但其电压控制模式非常复杂。本项目提出一种电流体动力学复频打印方法。构建了聚合物与银等金属纳米颗粒复合溶液系统的分子模型，研究了纳米颗粒对聚合物溶液粘度、介电常数和导电性能等的影响规律；研究了打印工艺参数对微图案的影响，研究了交流和直流电压复合电场、几何结构参数、流量和流体物理性质、打印过程控制等对打印柔性电子线路的影响规律；构建了电流体动力学打印非线性系统模型，建立了图案打印宽度驱动的数据模型，获得了图案打印宽度驱动的电流体动力学打印的控制方法，解决了传统打印需要依赖大量实验数据的难题；获得了全闭环实时自适应控制方法、工作电压补偿方法及人工智能控制方法。电流体动力学打印的蛇形图案表面结构提高了柔性压力传感器的压力感知灵敏度和响应性能。研究成果不仅对于设计和制造电流体动力学3D打印机具有指导意义，也为复合材料打印工艺参数的优化、控制和实际应用提供了理论和实验依据，在柔性电子、可穿戴智能传感和柔性电池等领域具有应用前景。