美丽乡村建设民意反应及运行机制研究--以江西为例

The construction of the beautiful countryside is an important way to solve the "three－dimensional rural problems(Farmers, Rural Areas, Agriculture Production)" and promote the integration of urban and rural development. Taking Jiangxi as an example, through extensive literature reading and field research, the project uses a combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods, starts from the "satisfied or dissatisfied, participate or not and need or not" of farmers, follows the "performance analysis - satisfaction evaluation - the willingness to participate (behavior) - demand expectations" logical thinking, to carry out the operational mechanism and public response of the beautiful countryside construction. First of all, building a logical theoretical analysis model that conform to the historical background of beautiful countryside construction in The 18th National Congress, and comply with the rural areas and farmers characteristics. Second, based on rural construction performance evaluation, constructing Fornell model, Binary Logistic model, Cluster Analysis model, evaluating and analyzing farmers' overall satisfaction, willingness to participate (behavior), and demand expectations to the construction of the beautiful countryside. Third, in accordance with "farmers as main, government guidance, cadres service, social participation" idea, building a operating mechanism of beautiful countryside construction that sustainable and efficient, orderly operation. Last, proposing countermeasures and suggestions to further promote the beautiful countryside construction. The research is expected to provide the decision reference of the policy on developing and improving the beautiful countryside construction.

美丽乡村建设是破解"三农"难题、推动城乡统筹一体化发展的重要途径。本项目以江西为例，通过大量文献阅读和实地调研，利用定性分析与定量分析相结合的研究方法，从农民"满意不满意，参与不参与，需要不需要"出发，遵循"绩效分析--满意度评价--参与意愿（行为）--需求期望"的逻辑思路，开展美丽乡村建设民意反应及运行机制研究。首先，构建一个顺应党的"十八大"后美丽乡村建设的时代背景、符合农村、农民特点的逻辑理论分析模型。其次，在对目前乡村建设绩效评价的基础上，分别构建费耐尔模型、二元Logistic模型、聚类分析模型，评价和分析农民对美丽乡村建设的总体满意度、参与意愿（行为）、需求期望。第三，按照"农民主体、政府引导、干部服务、社会参与"的思路，构建美丽乡村建设持续高效、运转有序的运行机制。最后，提出进一步推进美丽乡村建设的对策建议。预期研究成果将为政府科学制定和完善美丽乡村建设各项政策提供决策参考。

美丽乡村建设是破解"三农"难题、推动城乡统筹一体化发展的重要途径。本研究紧紧围绕我国新时期建设社会主义新农村的政策方针，以江西省开展秀美乡村建设为例，通过评价农民对美丽乡村建设满意度、探讨农民参与美丽乡村建设的意愿与需求期望等民意反应，推导美丽乡村建设运行机制和对策建议。结果表明，农村建设成效在产业兴旺、生态宜居、乡风文明、治理有效、生活富裕这五个方面都有不同程度的提升；乡村建设实施时间越久的乡村，乡村建设绩效越显著；居民满意度与经济建设、公共基础设施、惠农政策、教育条件、村级民主、医疗卫生和治安文明等影响因素之间均存在显著的正相关关系；美丽乡村运行机制包括管理机制、动力机制、长效机制、监控机制、多元主体协同机制和利益机制；现阶段美丽乡村建设应围绕经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设、生态文明建设和党的建设六个方面展开，并提供组织保障、法律与制度保障、人才保障和资金保障。