高性能高分子及其复合材料制品成型、成性机理与控制研究

This project, aiming at the advanced processing of the helmet viewing window of amorphous transparent plastics polycarbonate (PC) (the new generation cosmonaut extravehicular space suits of “Shenzhou 11”) and the products of crystalline special engineering plastics polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK) and its composites with carbon fiber, investigates on the relationship and modeling of polymer processing, product structures, properties and service in extreme conditions. This study involves the interdisciplinary between mechanics and polymer materials science. It focuses on the mechanism and modeling of microstructure evolution upon processing of polymers and their composites, clarifes the mechanism of how the microstructures influence the properties of polymer products; and builds a constitutive model in service based on the charcterization of properties and structures of materials to predict the service performance and mechanical behavior of polymer products under complex conditions. Through constructing models of stress developing and evolution, the dispersion and orientation of carbon fibers in the composites, aging of products, and processing-mechanical properties-optical properties, the project can solve the key mechanics problems upon manufacturing and service process such as the “processing”, “structuring”, “serviceability” and “process control and optimization of die” of polymers and their composites. This project will provide the necessary support for the manufacturing and service of the strategic products in China, and is meaningful in promoting the advanced manufacturing of high performance polymer products.

项目针对无定形透明聚碳酸酯（PC）头盔面窗（“神十一”新一代舱外服）和结晶性特种工程塑料聚醚醚酮（PEEK）及其碳纤维复合材料制品的先进制造过程，围绕“高分子制品的成型加工-结构-性能-使役行为”之间的关系和模型化开展研究。项目采用力学和高分子材料科学交叉手段，重点研究成型过程中高分子及其复合材料的微结构演化机制，明确制品微观结构与宏观性能之间的影响规律；在实验表征基础上，建立服役条件下高分子及其复合材料的本构关系模型，实现对制品使役性能与力学行为的预测。通过构建成型过程中的应力发展与演化模型、复合材料成型中碳纤维的分散性和取向预测模型、老化预测模型、成型-力学性能-光学性能一体化模型，解决高分子及其复合材料 “成型”、“成性”、“使役性”和“工艺控制及模具优化”等制造使役过程中的关键力学问题。本研究将为我国战略产品制造和使役提供必要的支撑，对推动高性能高分子制品的先进制造具有重要意义。

本项目立足高性能高分子及其复合材料制品先进制造的需要，重点针对三类高性能高分子及其复合材料制品成型、成性机理与控制开展研究，包括透明聚碳酸酯（PC）工程塑料、特种工程塑料聚醚醚酮（PEEK）、碳纤维复合材料等。项目研究了PC和PEEK及其复合材料的微观结构如分子取向、晶体形态、纤维取向和宏观性能如透光性、力学性能之间的联系，构建了相应的模型，并用于解决典型产品在制造和服役中的关键问题。针对热塑性碳纤维复合材料成型加工问题，重点研究了碳纤维增强热塑性复合材料界面浸润、形貌调控和强化机制，构建碳纤维折损和取向过程的数理模型、复合材料的性能预测细观力学模型以及模具优化设计和成型工艺优化控制理论和算法，为碳纤维增强热塑性复合材料规模化应用提供理论基础和技术支持。本项目研究将为我国战略产品制造和使役提供必要的支撑，对推动高性能高分子制品的先进制造具有重要意义。