无损表面等离激元波导中非线性及量子干涉效应的理论研究

In recent years, the resonance interactions between surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) and atoms, molecules or quantum dots in metallic micro- and nano-structures have been front topics in the exploration of realizing all-optical information processing at micro- and nano-scale. However, the Ohmic loss of the metal hugely restricts the practical application of SPPs, and the nonlinear and quantum interference effects of SPPs in metallic micro- and nano-structures are lack of more comprehensive theoretical explanations. The main objectives of this program are several nonlinear and quantum interference effects produced by the resonance coupling between SPPs and quantum emitters in the negative-index metamaterial/dielectric/negative-index metamaterial waveguide, including realizing suppression of the optical absorption and Ohmic loss via active Raman gain; developing the singular perturbation method to study the nonlinear effects produced by the interaction of SPPs with dielectric, negative-index metamaterial and boundary condition, proposing the theoretical criterion to distinguish influences of those nonlinear effects in this system; studying the cross-phase modulation between different guide modes, and the formation and interaction of SPPs solitons; designing theoretical proposals to realize several optical information processing devices, such as all-optical switches and quantum logic gates. The above studies are significance for the understanding of nonlinear and quantum properties of SPPs in waveguide systems, exploring the application of SPPs in the all-optical quantum information processing, and developing of micro- and nano-scale photonic devices.

近年来，金属微纳结构中表面等离激元与原子、分子或量子点的共振相互作用已成为探索微纳尺度全光信息处理的重要前沿课题。然而，金属的欧姆损耗极大地制约了表面等离激元的实际应用，且金属微纳结构中表面等离激元的非线性及量子干涉效应还缺乏完善的理论分析。本项目拟研究负折射率材料/电介质/负折射率材料波导中表面等离激元与电介质共振相互作用所产生的非线性与量子干涉效应。首先，利用主动拉曼增益机制实现体系中光吸收与欧姆损耗的抑制；其次，发展奇异微扰方法研究系统中分别由电介质、负折射率材料和边界条件所产生的非线性效应，提出判别其作用大小的理论依据；再次，研究导波模式间的交叉相位调制、表面等离激元孤子的形成及其相互作用；最后，设计理论方案实现表面等离激元量子相位门等光学逻辑器件。本项目对深入了解表面等离激元的非线性和量子光学性质、探索表面等离激元在全光量子信息处理中的应用以及微纳光子器件的开发均具有重要意义。

金属微纳结构中表面等离激元与原子、分子或量子点的共振相互作用已成为探索微纳尺度全光信息处理的重要前沿课题。然而，金属微纳结构中表面等离激元的非线性及量子干涉效应还缺乏完善的理论分析。本项目研究了金属微纳平面界面波导中表面等离激元与电介质共振相互作用所产生的若干非线性与量子干涉效应。内容包括：1）研究了金属/电介质/金属波导中对称与反对称横磁模式表面等离激元与三能级梯型量子发射体的共振相互作用，利用外加非相干泵浦场提供相干增益，实现了表面等离激元的长距离稳定传播，并通过电磁感应透明机制提供的巨克尔效应与表面等离激元的衍射效应的平衡，实现了对称及反对称表面等离激元孤子；2）研究了金属/电介质/金属波导中表面等离激元与四能级倒Y型量子发射体的共振相互作用，分析了表面等离激元的自相位及交叉相位调制，利用外加梯度磁场，实现了表面等离激元的类斯特恩-盖拉赫效应，并实现了表面等离激元的偏转、磁光操控及相干俘获；3）研究了电介质/负折射率材料波导中表面等离激元与三能级Lambda型主动拉曼增益介质的远共振相互作用，利用孤子的吸引及排斥相互作用，实现了基于表面等离激元非线性相互作用的“XNOR”逻辑操作，设计了基于外加梯度磁场操控的“XNOR”全光逻辑门。本项目对深入了解表面等离激元的非线性和量子光学性质、探索表面等离激元在全光量子信息处理中的应用以及微纳光子器件的开发均具有重要意义。