小交错角大偏置准双曲面齿轮传动啮合机理与设计方法研究

For small crossed shaft angle situation, hypoid gear transmission has the advantage of more compact structure，higher carrying capacity and adaptability for wider shaft angle range compared to the current involute gear transmission. It can be widely used in the spatial transmission area of speedboat, vehicles and aviation. However, the sharp decrease of shaft angle and increase of offset lead to an extreme change of the geometry parameters. The evolution of the tooth profile and the meshing theory are not yet clear due to the extreme change of the geometry parameters. And it is much difficult to manufacture the hypoid gear with large cone distance. The conventional geometry design theory based on the orthogonal installation can not work for the design situation with small shaft angle and high offset. Based on the gear meshing theory, contact analysis method and vibration theory, the research on the tooth profile evolution, pitch cone design theory, manufacturing, mesh characteristics and dynamic characteristics will be performed for the hypoid gear pair with small shaft angle and high offset. The pitch cone design model will be developed and the tooth profile evolution and meshing theory for hypoid gear with extreme change of the geometry parameters will be revealed. The manufacturing model based on loaded tooth contact analysis and dynamic model will be developed. The optimization method for the manufacturing parameters of the hypoid gear with large cone distance based on the pre-control of the mesh behaviors will be proposed. Then breaking through the limit of current geometry design method, the geometry design method for the hypoid gear with small shaft angle and high offset will be proposed. The corresponding professional design software will be developed. Finally, the prototype will be manufactured, whose shaft angle is 20 degree, offset is larger than the gear radius and transmission ratio is 1~1.5. Experiments will be performed to validate the theoretical results. This project will lay a theoretical foundation for the industrialization of this type of transmission.

小交错角条件下，准双曲面齿轮传动与渐开线齿轮传动相比，结构更紧凑、承载能力更大、交角适用范围更宽，在舰船、车辆、航空等空间传动领域具有广泛应用前景，但交错角与偏置等尺度极端变化导致其齿形演化与啮合机理复杂关联不清楚，长锥距准双曲面齿轮加工困难，传统基于正交安装的设计方法不适用，严重制约其推广应用。项目将啮合理论、接触分析与振动理论结合，对其齿形演化机理、节圆锥设计、加工方法、啮合与动态特性展开研究，建立小交错角大偏置准双曲面齿轮节圆锥设计与啮合模型，揭示极端尺度下准双曲面齿形演化与啮合机理；建立基于承载啮合分析的加工参数计算模型与动力学模型，提出基于啮合性能预控的长锥距准双曲面齿轮加工参数计算方法；形成小交错角大偏置准双曲面齿轮几何设计方法，解决传统设计方法不适用的难题，开发设计软件，研制交错角20°、偏置大于大轮半径、速比1~1.5的准双曲面齿轮传动样机，进行实验验证，为其广泛应用奠定基础。

小交错角准双曲面齿轮传动具有结构紧凑、承载能力高、容差能力强等优点，可应用于高速船舶、四驱车辆、航空发动机、直升机等传动领域。但轴交角减小偏置增大使得大小轮节锥角急剧减小趋同、节锥距急剧增大，几何参数极端变化导致的准双曲面齿轮齿形演化与啮合机理不清楚，长节锥距准双曲面齿轮加工困难，传统基于正交安装的设计方法不能适用小交错角大偏置设计工况。.项目建立小交错角准双曲面齿轮节圆锥数学模型；揭示小交错角工况下准双曲面齿轮齿形演化机理；提出基于啮合性能预置的长锥距准双曲面齿轮加工参数计算方法；创新了针对小交错角准双曲面齿轮的几何参数初值选取法则和齿形优化方法；探究不同外载荷以及安装参数对齿轮啮合特性的影响，研究了考虑轴承缺陷的准双曲面齿轮传动系统耦合动态特性，对齿轮副进行了切齿加工，搭建了小交错角传动原理样机。研究成果发表学术论文14篇，其中SCI收录13篇，申请国家专利3项，软件著作权1项，参加机械传动学国际学术会议2人次； 培养博士研究生1名、硕士研究生4名。