低密度多尺度陶瓷改性酚-碳复合材料的微结构构筑与烧蚀行为

Microstructure design and low-cost preparation technology of low-density ablative thermal protection materials is eternal theme for spacecraft in deep space exploration. This project takes novel low-density carbon-phenolic composites as the main research object, and aims to explore a feasible design method and microstructural building pattern for multi-scale ceramic-modified carbon-phenolic composites. We will try to fabricate microstructure-property controllable composites, and develop multi-scale material design, antioxidation inhibition method and ablative mechanism of the novel low-density carbon-phenolic composites. Based on above research, we will gain series of experimental and theoretical laws between materials composition, processing and microstructure which can affect thermal and mechanical properties. The research achievements of this project will replenish and develop the design level concerning low-density thermal protection materials, and will lower the fabrication price and promote the development of low-density thermal protection composite industry.

低密度烧蚀热防护复合材料的微观设计和低成本制备技术是深空探测热防护技术发展的永恒主题。本研究以新型低密度酚-碳防热复合材料为研究对象，提出低密度多尺度陶瓷改性酚-碳复合材料的设计方法和微结构构筑途径，制备出高性能微结构和性能可调的低密度酚-碳防热复合材料，开展新型低密度酚-碳防热复合材料多尺度设计、抗氧化抑制方法和烧蚀机制研究，得出系列材料组分和微结构对低密度酚-碳防热复合材料热-力性能影响的试验及理论规律。本项目的研究成果将丰富和发展低密度防热复合材料的设计水平，有利于降低复合材料制备成本，推动低密度防热复合材料产业发展。

本研究以新型航天航空低密度酚-碳防热复合材料为研究对象，提出了低密度多尺度陶瓷改性酚-碳复合材料的设计方法和微结构构筑途径，制备出了高性能微结构和性能可调的低密度酚-碳防热复合材料，开展了新型低密度酚-碳防热复合材料多尺度设计、抗氧化抑制方法和烧蚀机制研究，获得系列材料组分和微结构对低密度酚-碳防热复合材料热-力性能影响的试验及理论规律。本项目的研究成果支撑了我国新一代飞船轻质热防护技术的发展和装备应用，有利于降低复合材料制备成本，推动低密度防热复合材料产业发展。